Key Economic and Social Concepts in the European Union
Globalization
Globalization is the process of building a single economic space on a planetary scale, where the production and circulation of goods and services are governed by the laws of the so-called ‘market economy’ or simply capitalism. Its expansion is based on new technologies that multiply the capacity to generate and transmit information, enabling companies to operate synchronously and in real-time, encouraging financial concentration. At the same time, it expands the areas of production
Read MoreOutsourcing and Tourism in Spain: Impacts and Trends
Outsourcing: Causes, Features, and Territorial Imbalances
Causes of Outsourcing
- Increased standard of living (higher consumption)
- Evolution of industry (industrial development, modern tertiary sector)
- Development of certain tertiary activities (tourism, hospitality, utilities)
- Increased participation of women in the workforce (domestic help)
Features of Outsourcing
- Classification:
- Private services (economic benefits)
- Public services (funded by taxes, provided to society by the state)
- Sub-sectors:
- Business
Agriculture, Aquaculture, and Fisheries: Key Terms and Practices
Aquaculture
Aquaculture is the development of marine farming and research on new ways to obtain resources from the sea and fresh water. It can involve:
- Fish farming
- Astaciculture, or crustacean breeding
- Egg production
Aquaculture also involves mollusks and aims at fish such as sea bass and sea bream.
Dryland Farming
Dryland farming dominates the countryside and non-irrigated areas in the valley dedicated to extensive crops.
Fishing
Coastal Fishing
Coastal fishing involves catching fish that is canned using
Read MoreHuman Migration: Patterns, Causes, and Global Population Trends
Migration: Causes and Classifications
Migration is the movement of people who cross a political boundary with the intention of leaving their place of residence.
Causes of migration include political conflicts, war, and religious, social, and cultural issues. Natural disasters like earthquakes and floods, as well as environmental disasters such as desertification, also contribute. Technological advances in economic activities play a role.
There are many classifications of migration based on various
Read MoreInternational Trade Statistics: Spain and Galicia 2014
Leading Exporters in World Merchandise Trade (2014)
Rank | Country | Exports % of World Trade |
1 | China | 12.4 |
2 | U.S. | 8.6 |
3 | Germany | 8.0 |
4 | Japan | 3.6 |
5 | Netherlands | 3.6 |
16 | Spain | 1.7 |
Leading Importers in World Merchandise Trade (2014)
Rank | Country | Imports % of World Trade |
1 | United States | 12.6 |
2 | China | 10.3 |
3 | Germany | 6.4 |
4 | Japan | 4.3 |
5 | United Kingdom | 3.6 |
13 | Spain | 1.9 |
Leading Exporters in World Trade in Commercial Services (2014)
Rank | Country | Exports % of World Trade |
1 | United States | 13.9 |
2 | United Kingdom | 6.8 |
3 | Germany | 5.4 |
4 | France | 5.4 |
5 | China | 4.7 |
13 | Spain | 2.7 |
Leading Importers
Read MoreAgricultural and Livestock Transformations: Production and Challenges
The Agricultural Business
Traditional agriculture relied on polyculture and extensive farming, which were labor-intensive and resulted in low yields for self-consumption. Modern agriculture has undergone significant transformations, increasing yields and production for market sale.
a) Changes in Agricultural Structure:
- Specialization: Agriculture tends to specialize.
- Modern Techniques: Incorporation of increased mechanization (tractors, harvesters). Pesticide and fertilizer consumption has increased.