Industrial Revolution: Causes, Energy, and Production
Causes of the Industrial Revolution
Population Growth
Since the eighteenth century, plague epidemics were disappearing, and the development of agriculture allowed for increased food production, leading to a significant decline in mortality.
- European mortality, including infant mortality, declined.
- The birth rate decreased slowly but remained high, leading to considerable vegetative growth.
- Population growth was greater in cities. There were also significant migrations, especially to America.
Agricultural
Read MoreNatural Resources: Fibers, Livestock, and Medicinal Uses
Sericulture: The Art of Silk Production
Sericulture is an agro-based industry focused on the rearing of silkworm moths, Bombyx mori, for the production of raw silk. This valuable yarn is obtained from silkworm cocoons and plays a significant role in rural employment, poverty alleviation, and earning foreign exchange.
Silkworm Life Cycle and Silk Production
The silkworm undergoes four distinct stages in its life cycle:
- Egg
- Caterpillar (larva)
- Pupa
- Adult Moth
When the worms hatch, they are called caterpillars.
Read MoreAgricultural Sectors, Livestock, and Fisheries: Economic Insights
Agricultural Sectors and Production
Cereal Crops
Cereals serve as human food, livestock feed, and for biofuel production, with efforts focused on achieving higher yields.
Legumes
Legumes are consumed by both humans and livestock. Their production faces challenges due to difficulties in mechanization and typically results in low yields.
The Vine
The vine produces wine, often consumed fresh. Production has significantly grown from 90 wells, attributed to improved cultivation techniques.
Olive Cultivation
The
Read MoreEssential Economic Principles and Concepts
Classification of Goods and Services
- Services (e.g., transportation)
- Consumer Goods (e.g., food)
- Production Goods (e.g., machines)
- Durable Goods (e.g., electrical appliances)
- Perishable Goods (e.g., food)
- Public Goods (e.g., libraries)
- Private Goods (e.g., personal cars)
- Intermediate Goods (e.g., paper)
- Final Goods (e.g., a book)
- Complementary Goods (e.g., washing detergent)
- Substitute Goods (e.g., pears and apples)
Determinants of Productivity
- Training, Experience, and Skills of Workers: Well-trained individuals
Spain Under Franco: Economy and Society (1939-1970s)
From 1939 to 1959, the first phase of the Franco dictatorship developed, characterized by political and ideological reaction against the modernization work that began in the Second Republic. Franco concentrated all power and exerted strong control over the various sectors that supported the system while developing strong repression against the losers of the Civil War. Moreover, the regime sought to improve the economic situation and achieve broad social support.
Economic Evolution
The new government
Read MoreEarly Human History and Ancient Civilizations
Prehistory: The Dawn of Human Civilization
Prehistory is the longest and most unknown period of human history. Its study relies on the few and often poorly preserved remains found, leading to hypotheses created through comparative analysis.
Prehistory has evolving chronological boundaries and content that are under perpetual revision. We distinguish two primary phases:
- The Paleolithic
- The Neolithic
The Paleolithic Era: Nomadic Hunters and Early Art
The Paleolithic is characterized by the creation of tools
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