Environmental Challenges: Threats and Solutions
Posidonia and Caulerpa
Caulerpa: Invasive plant, aggressive towards fauna and flora.
Posidonia: Mediterranean marine plant.
Factors Influencing Human Impact
- Population
- Technology
- Energy
- Consumption
Main Threats to the Environment
- Air pollution
- Water pollution
- Excessive resource use
- Deforestation
- Endangered species
- Erosion and desertification
Preventing Environmental Degradation
- Sustainable development: Balance between growth and conservation.
- Protecting spaces with great ecological value.
- Prevention of damage by
Spain’s Shipping and Air Transport: Key Aspects & Challenges
Shipping in Spain
A) Port Network Structure
The port network is divided between the state and autonomous communities. The state controls major commercial ports, while autonomous communities manage numerous smaller ports, often focused on fishing and sports.
B) Passenger vs. Freight Traffic
Passenger traffic contrasts sharply with freight traffic:
- Passenger traffic is relatively scarce. Internal traffic is limited to important routes across the Strait.
- Cabotage traffic primarily transports petroleum products
Earth’s History and the Geologic Time Scale
Chapter 12: Earth’s History
Geologic Time Scale
Know the order and absolute (numerical) ages of the geologic eons (Precambrian and Phanerozoic).
- Precambrian Eon: 4.6 billion to 542 million years ago
- Phanerozoic Eon: 542 million years ago to present
Precambrian Eon (Archean and Proterozoic)
The Precambrian, comprising the Archean and Proterozoic Eons, spans almost 90% of Earth’s history.
- Formation of stable continental crust
- Assembly of cratons (cores of modern continents)
Phanerozoic Eon
Paleozoic Era: Life
Read MorePre-Roman, Roman, Visigoth, and Muslim Spain
Pre-Roman Peoples
In the 5th century BC, the Iberian Peninsula was divided into two distinct cultural areas: Celtic and Iberian. The Iberians, located on the coast, were a group of people that arose due to changes produced by colonizers’ industrial Mediterranean influence. Their economy relied on agriculture, livestock, ceramics, metallurgy, mining, and trade. They used currency, and their social structure was hierarchical, living in walled villages. They understood writing. The Celts, in the north
Read MoreIndustrial Revolution in Great Britain: Origins and Impact
The Dawn of the Industrial Revolution: Great Britain
The Industrial Revolution marks a period where technological advancements spurred significant economic shifts. Agriculture’s dominance waned as industry rose, giving birth to industrial capitalism.
The Genesis of the Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution was a gradual transformation spanning nearly a century, profoundly impacting the economy and reshaping society. Key factors included:
1. Population Growth
Increased food production, coupled
Read MoreEnvironmental Impact and Conservation in Spain
Environmental Impact of the Tertiary Sector
Where does the biggest environmental impact of the tertiary sector come from?
The biggest environmental impact comes from infrastructure.What is it required for?
It is required for tourism and transport.Name at least two types of transport networks with the most significant impact on the environment.
Rail transport, road transport, river and sea transport, and air transport.
Economic Activities and Environmental Issues
What are economic activities?
They are those