Industrial Revolution: Transformation and Impact

Industrial Revolution

Background

  • Commercial Revolution
  • Scientific Revolution
  • Intellectual Revolution
  • Atmosphere of discovery and free intellectual inquiry

Definition

What was the Industrial Revolution?

  • It was a change in how goods were produced and distributed, from human and animal power to machines.
  • Describes a process of economic change from an agricultural and commercial society into a modern industrial one:
  • Machines were invented.
  • New energy sources were developed.
  • Increased use of metals and minerals.
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Understanding the Old Regime: Society, Economy, and Absolutism

The Old Regime: Key Features

The Old Regime was characterized by three main features: a society divided into estates, an economic system heavily reliant on agriculture, and an absolute monarchy.

Class Society: The Estates System

Society was organized into three distinct orders, or estates:

  • The Nobility: Divided into high and low nobility. The high nobility possessed extensive landholdings and significant wealth.
  • The Clergy: Also divided into high and low clergy. The high clergy was often composed of
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Spain’s Tourism and Population Dynamics

Item 8. Tourist Areas

Tourist Season: Is the concentration of tourism demand in certain months of the year. In Spain, given the dominant tourism model, the demand is concentrated in summer.

Hiking: Movement for pleasure or recreation without an overnight stay outside the home environment.

Traditional Model Tourist: It was introduced in the 60s and is called “sun and beach.” It is characterized by abundant and cheap tourism, leading to a homogeneous and massive demand, with medium to medium-low purchasing

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The High Middle Ages: Prosperity, Change, and Urban Revival

The High Middle Ages (11th-13th Century)

A period of prosperity and change. Feudalism was maintained, but kings fought to regain power. There was progress in agriculture, cities revived, and a new social group (the bourgeoisie) emerged. Culture was renewed, giving rise to Gothic art, a new artistic style that gained enormous popularity throughout Europe.

Early Kingdoms and Empires

In the early 9th century, the Kingdom of France and the Holy Roman Empire in Germany emerged in the center of the continent.

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Understanding Agriculture: Practices, Factors, and Types

Agriculture: An Overview

Agriculture: The cultivation of land to obtain food for human consumption and raw materials for industry.

Agricultural Revolution

Agricultural Revolution: A rapid change in the methods of land ownership and cultivation.

Agriculture Today

Developed Countries

In developed countries, less than 5% of the active population is engaged in agriculture. There is high productivity due to technical advances.

Developing Countries

In developing countries, almost 80% of workers are engaged in

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Agricultural and Economic Terms: A Concise Lexicon

Agricultural and Economic Terms

Aquaculture

The farming technique of aquatic plants and animals. Includes freshwater aquaculture (raising fish in fish farms) and marine aquaculture (shellfish, mussels, sea bass, etc.).

Part-Time Farming

Small holding, highly productive, generating additional income to people whose main activity lies outside this sector.

Extensive Agriculture

Agriculture practiced in large areas.

Intensive Agriculture

Aims to extract as much product as possible per unit area, often involving

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