Early Modern Europe: Society, Politics, Economy (17th-18th C.)
17th Century Europe: Society and Economy
Population Challenges: Epidemics and Starvation
Europe’s population growth in the 17th century was poor, largely due to recurring epidemics and periods of starvation.
Social Hierarchy: Privileged vs. Non-Privileged
Society was strictly stratified, divided into privileged (nobility and clergy) and non-privileged classes. The bourgeoisie emerged as a rich and important sector within the non-privileged group.
Trade Expansion: New Routes and Atlantic Shift
New trade
Read MoreDeforestation, Sustainable Agriculture, and Biodiversity
Deforestation and Its Impact on Land Resources
Deforestation refers to the cutting, clearing, and removal of rainforests or related ecosystems, transforming them into less bio-diverse ecosystems such as pasture, cropland, or plantations. The impact on land resources occurs when humans introduce harmful substances into the soil, water, or air through activities like surface mining, mineral resource extraction, underground mining, and agriculture.
Five Consequences of Deforestation:
- Loss of Biodiversity:
FDR’s New Deal: Campaign, Hundred Days & Key Programs
The Campaign
Roosevelt realized people wanted action. During his campaign, he made sixteen major speeches promising a ‘New Deal.’ His policies and personality attracted support. He inspired confidence, made personal contact with Americans, and offered hope during a terrible situation. He won, and the Democrats won a majority of seats in Congress.
The New Deal
The Hundred Days
During the first 100 days of his presidency, Roosevelt implemented an enormous range of measures:
The main problem affecting
Understanding Rural Movement: Demographic Transition Explained
The Evolution of Rural Movement
Demographic transition is a model that explains the shift in population growth through four phases: the old demographic regime, the first transition, the second transition, and the modern demographic regime.
The Old Demographic Regime
In Europe and Spain, the rural society predominated until the end of the 18th century. The population was characterized by slow vegetative growth, with a high number of births offset by a high mortality rate due to epidemics, war, hunger,
Read MoreTaiwan: History, Economy, and Regional Imbalance Analysis
Taiwan: History, Economy, and Regional Imbalance
Regional Imbalance and Climate
Taiwan has a tropical climate, resulting in regular rainfall. Typhoons and earthquakes are common, which can hinder agriculture. However, the island is not significantly affected by fragile soils.
Resources and Foreign Investment
Foreign powers dominate almost all the capital. Large multinational factories have relocated to Taiwan because of its cheaper workforce. Consequently, the secondary sector is highly developed compared
Read MoreNepal’s Forests: Conservation, Types, and Deforestation Impact
Forest Conservation in Nepal
About one-third of Nepal’s land surface is covered by forests. According to the Department of Forest and Natural Resources survey, 29% of the land is forested. Protection, preservation, and utilization of forest products are key aspects of forest conservation. Ecological studies have demonstrated that forests help maintain rainfall levels. Forests are crucial for preventing floods and soil erosion and are vital for wildlife, human recreation, and maintaining the balance
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