Urban Planning and Regional Organization: Key Concepts
Urban Planning Concepts
Conurbation: A continuous urban agglomeration created by the parallel growth of two or more cities that join without losing their independence.
Rururbanization: A transitional space between the country and the city where mixed crops and rural and urban lifestyles coexist.
Industrial Estate Services: Areas on the periphery with business and technology parks and business estates of detached buildings with fewer resources, which emerged from the 1950s to 1960s.
Urban Layout: The
Read MoreThe Industrial Revolution: Causes, Developments, and Consequences
Causes:
- Growth of population: Led to higher demand for workers, which spurred the development of machinery and increased textile production.
- Agricultural Revolution: Changes in agriculture transformed farming into a source of wealth instead of mere subsistence.
Enclosure Acts
The Enclosure Acts were laws that divided land into large, private estates, including land previously for public use. These acts benefited large landowners, increasing their profits. However, small landowners suffered, often selling
Read MoreLivestock and Forestry in Spain: An Overview of Production and Land Use
Livestock and Forestry in Spain
Fodder Crops
Alfalfa, corn fodder, vetch, and oats are continually increasing in expansion because domestic production is insufficient. Farmers’ profits: They account for 40% of income from the primary sector. Spanish livestock farming lags behind that of the EU, both because indigenous breeds are smaller than fairground production and their replacement is expensive. The big problem for our breeding is the structural differences of the companies, which are still dominated
Read MoreWorld Population Distribution and Density
Global Population Distribution
Global surface area: 510,000,000 km2
- Land: 150,000,000 km2 (30%)
- Water: 360,000,000 km2 (70%)
Ecumene (habitable land): 13,000,000 km2
Anecumenes: 20,000,000 km2
World population: 6,700,000,000 inhabitants.
Hemispheric Distribution
- Northern Hemisphere: 60% water, 40% land. Contains 85% to 90% of the world’s population.
- Southern Hemisphere (Oceanic Hemisphere): 83% water, 17% land. Contains 10% to 15% of the global population.
The unequal distribution of land inevitably generates
Read MoreMineral Resources: Types, Extraction, and Global Impact
Mineral Resources
Mineral resources are raw materials that have a mineral origin, although they can also be of vegetable origin. They belong to the primary sector. Mineral resources can be classified as:
- Industrial rocks: They are made up of three large groups:
- Energy rocks (coal, oil…) used to produce energy.
- Useful rocks (limestone, marble…) used mainly in construction.
- Precious stones (diamond, emerald…) used in jewelry.
- Minerals: They are classified as:
- Useful minerals (iron, copper…).
- Precious
Christian Kingdoms and the Reconquista
The Formation of Christian Kingdoms
Asturian-Leonese Core: It arises in the 8th century as a reaction to the Battle of Covadonga against the Muslims, commanded by Don Pelayo. His son Favila succeeded him but died young, so the crown was inherited by Alfonso I, Count of Asturias-Cantabria, uniting these territories. This led to the first forays into the Douro Valley. In the 9th century, with Alfonso II and the rise of Neogothicism, the judge appears, imposing upon the courts. This king was related
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