Mineral Resources: Types, Extraction, and Global Impact
Mineral Resources
Mineral resources are raw materials that have a mineral origin, although they can also be of vegetable origin. They belong to the primary sector. Mineral resources can be classified as:
- Industrial rocks: They are made up of three large groups:
- Energy rocks (coal, oil…) used to produce energy.
- Useful rocks (limestone, marble…) used mainly in construction.
- Precious stones (diamond, emerald…) used in jewelry.
- Minerals: They are classified as:
- Useful minerals (iron, copper…).
- Precious
Christian Kingdoms and the Reconquista
The Formation of Christian Kingdoms
Asturian-Leonese Core: It arises in the 8th century as a reaction to the Battle of Covadonga against the Muslims, commanded by Don Pelayo. His son Favila succeeded him but died young, so the crown was inherited by Alfonso I, Count of Asturias-Cantabria, uniting these territories. This led to the first forays into the Douro Valley. In the 9th century, with Alfonso II and the rise of Neogothicism, the judge appears, imposing upon the courts. This king was related
Read MoreAncient Inhabitants of the Iberian Peninsula
Where Can We Find the Oldest Human Remains in Europe?
One of the most important archaeological sites in the world is in Burgos, in a place called Atapuerca. In Atapuerca, they have found what are probably the oldest hominid remains in Europe. The oldest remains are of a hominid known as Homo Antecessor.
What Two Different Types of Hominids Last Populated the Peninsula?
Later, the Peninsula was populated by two different types of hominids: Homo Neanderthal, around 200,000 years ago, and finally, Homo
Read MoreSpanish Population: Distribution and Demographic Trends
Demographic Sources
The geography of population studies the relationships between people and space and analyzes the population demography from a quantitative perspective. Demographic sources include:
- Census: An individualized count of the population of a country at a specific time.
- Municipal Register: A log of neighbors in the municipalities; it is very dynamic.
- Civil Registration: A list of births, marriages, and deaths.
- Other Sources: Demographic statistics, which collect data from various sources,
Harappan Civilization: Society, Urban Life, and Agriculture
Functions of Rulers in Harappan Society
Archaeologists have differing opinions on the structure of leadership in the Harappan society. Some believe there were no rulers, and everyone held equal status. Others propose that there wasn’t a single ruler, but several.
Evidence suggests a remarkable uniformity in Harappan artifacts, including pottery, seals, weights, and bricks. Notably, bricks, despite not being produced in a single location, maintained a consistent ratio across the entire region, from
Crowns of Castile and Aragon: History & Legacy
The Crown of Castile
Castile and Leon joined and separated several times. In 1230, the final union occurred when Ferdinand III inherited both kingdoms and founded the Crown of Castile. This Crown emerged as the most powerful. In 1085, Alfonso VI took Toledo. King Ferdinand III and Alfonso X conquered most of Andalusia. Castile, in the twelfth century, suffered the loss of Portugal, which became independent.
Government
The Crown of Castile was a single state, with the same institutions and one law.
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