Population Distribution: Factors, MEDC vs LEDC

LEDC vs MEDC: Births, Mortality, and Solutions

LEDCSituationReasonsConsequencesSolutions
Births
  • No family planning programmes
  • No medical advances
  • Need for large families for child labor
High birth rate
  • Children don’t attend school
  • Low literacy rate
  • Very poor living conditions: insufficient food, poor health
  • Developed countries should contribute to their economies
  • Increased education
Mortality
  • Medical advances are improving
  • Better hygiene and food
  • Increased access to clean water
Decreasing death rateOverpopulation
  • Family
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Urban Spaces and City Systems: Industrialization Impact

The Industrial City

Endorrecament of walls.

Bourgeois Eixample

Space again, new objectives: health. Creation: lower quality, regular map, you bourgeois residential (first and Madrid). With time modifications, densified plot, building verticalized, tertiary functions.

Worker Neighborhoods

Industrial installations and migration of workers into industrial cities. Creation: disorganized map, dense and closed plot, poor quality housing. Only the industrial center is now located in the periphery of residential

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Urban Development and City Systems in Spain

Spanish Urban Hierarchy Model

Spanish urban areas are divided into:

  • National Global Metropolis: Madrid and Barcelona function as centers, concentrating population, institutions, and a large network.
  • Regional Metropolis: Valencia, Seville, and Malaga serve extensive regions with good communication.
  • Subregional Metropolises: These are small metropolitan areas, like Murcia and Valladolid, that have specialized services such as hospitals or universities.
  • Medium Cities: Play an administrative role for the
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Spain’s Landscapes: Oceanic, Mediterranean, Subtropical & Mountain

Oceanic Landscape of Spain

The Oceanic landscape is located in the north and northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, an area known as “wet Spain”.

  • Relief: Characterized by several mountain ranges. The coast is rugged and rocky.
  • Rivers: Short, abundant, and with a regular flow.
  • Climate: Oceanic, with mild winters and cool summers. Rainfall is abundant throughout the year.
  • Vegetation: Consists of deciduous forests, moors, and meadows.
  • Fauna: Includes animals like deer, wolves, and wild cats.

Mediterranean Coastal

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Understanding Global Underdevelopment and Decolonization

Understanding Global Underdevelopment

Underdevelopment is a set of circumstances that make life miserable for a very large population. Underdevelopment possesses characteristics that define this situation.

Dependence Abroad

The economy of these countries is based on the export of raw materials and importing manufactured goods. This creates significant inequalities in the distribution of wealth. The World Bank developed a classification of countries based on per capita income:

  • Low-income countries:
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Roman Housing: Countryside and City Dwellings

Roman Housing: Countryside and City

Rural Housing

Three main types of housing existed in the Roman countryside:

  • The Urban Village (residence of the large landowner)
  • The Large Farm (Villa Rustica)
  • The Family Home (Domus)

The Family Home (Domus)

These houses were typically inward-facing, with few or no windows, a single door, and usually only one story. They were built around a partially covered patio called an atrium, which provided light and air to the rooms of the house. These rooms included:

  • Cubicula
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