Urban Planning and Construction Regulations in Andalusia

Urban Planning and Construction Regulations

1. Land Readjustment

Concept: Land readjustment refers to the planning operation consisting of grouping or restructuring farms, parcels, or lots within the scope of a unit. There are two methods: voluntary or forced.

2. Methods of Action

For each execution unit, the appropriate operating system will be determined from the following:

  • a) Expropriation (Public)
  • b) Cooperation (Public)
  • c) Compensation (Private)

3. Body Responsible for Fair Price Fixation and Bonus

  1. The
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Industrial Revolution: Societal and Economic Transformations

Industrial Revolution: Technological, Economic, and Social Changes

The Industrial Revolution marked the transition from a traditional, agricultural society to a modern one. Factors that drove the first Industrial Revolution included population growth, expansion of agriculture, and the emergence of a new economic outlook. The appearance of machines had two consequences: industrial activities were concentrated in certain locations, and the organization of work was modified, leading to the division

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Industrial Revolution: Causes, Characteristics, and Consequences

The Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution was a fundamental economic change in the manufacturing of products, as industries began to utilize machinery. Emerging in Britain in the late 18th century around 1780, it extended throughout Europe and later worldwide over the 19th century. The economic and social changes that caused the Industrial Revolution were either capitalist or socialist.

Principal Characteristics

  • Appearance of machines
  • Technological innovations
  • Use of new energy sources
  • Organization
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Industrial Processes, Energy Sources, and Global Industrialization

The Industrial Process

Industry encompasses activities that transform natural resources into products or semi-finished products. Four essential elements are involved: raw materials, energy, human labor, and capital.

Types of Industry

Based on the products obtained, industries can be classified into three broad categories:

  • Basic and heavy industries: Produce raw materials for other industries.
  • Capital goods industries: Transform raw materials from basic industries into finished products for other industries.
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The Rise of Islam: Society and Religion in Arabia

Origins and Expansion of Islam

Arabia Before Islam

Arabia was known for its caravan routes to the Mediterranean, bringing high-value products like spices and silk from lands bordering the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. These routes were difficult to trace.

Most of the population was nomadic, engaging in trade and livestock. Throughout the sixth century, Byzantium and Persia influenced the tribes near their borders. There was significant agricultural development in the South, where agricultural kingdoms

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The European Union: History, Formation, and Structure

1. Origins and Evolution of the EU

1.1. Preventing Confrontation

The EU originated from a desire to avoid further conflict between France and Germany. Robert Schuman’s idea led to the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1951. The ECSC consisted of France, West Germany, the Benelux countries (Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg), and Italy.

1.2. The Treaty of Rome (1957)

The Treaty of Rome in 1957 created:

  • EURATOM: The European Atomic Energy Community.
  • EEC: The European Economic
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