Economic Systems and Sectors: A Detailed Analysis
Economic Goods
Economic goods are products and services generated by economic activity.
Composition: They can be consumable (durable consumer goods, such as computers, or non-durable, such as pizza) or capital goods (tools, equipment). Function: They can be intermediate goods (wool produced by a sheep) or finished goods (the shirt made from this wool). Ownership: They can be private (belonging to people, families, or businesses) or public (belonging to the state).
Factors of Production
- Natural resources:
18th Century Economic & Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution in 18th-Century England
England spearheaded the Industrial Revolution, showcasing its distinct stages. Beginning in the 16th century, an era of economic growth emerged, driven by international trade. By the mid-18th century, several factors converged: population growth, agricultural advancements, increased demand for raw materials like cotton and iron, the need for new energy sources such as coal and steam to power machinery, ongoing technical innovations from Scottish universities,
Read MoreAddressing Global Challenges: Immigration, Environment, and Technology
Immigration: A Global Shift
The number of immigrants entering industrialized countries continues to rise.
The Positives of Immigration
Some believe immigration fosters a multiracial society, religious and cultural diversity, and greater understanding and tolerance among nations.
The Challenges of Immigration
Problems arise when jobs become scarce, and long-term residents feel they have priority over newcomers.
Smoking and Public Health
Smoking is detrimental to both smokers and non-smokers, as the latter
Read MoreLaw of the Indies: Discovery and Incorporation Explained
Item 29: The Law of the Indies
1 – The Discovery and Incorporation of the Indies: The Alexandrine Bulls
For the bulls Romanus Pontifex of 1455 and 1456, the kings of Portugal acquired control of the islands and lands, discovered and undiscovered, by sailing in the Atlantic south to India. By raising the Catholic Monarchs, Portugal believed that Castile had violated its bulls regarding the conquest of the Canaries. The conflict was finally resolved with the Treaty of Alcáçovas in 1479 between Castile
Read MoreSpain’s Transportation and Tourism Infrastructure: Challenges and Opportunities
Spain’s Transportation and Tourism Infrastructure
Features and Problems: While improvements have been made since the 1960s, challenges persist. These include:
- Adverse physical environment (topography, frost, mist, rain).
- Radial ground transportation networks (from Madrid to major ports), leading to miscommunication with peripheral areas.
- Modernized characteristics that still require improvements.
- Imbalances in traffic availability and density.
- Environmental impact (spatial, visual, noise, pollution, resource
Urban Morphology and City Types in Spain
Cities in Spain
Urban Geography
Urban Geography is the study of urban spaces. It examines cities within their geographical context, including their historical background, building types, land uses, functions, organization, management, and the problems of urban agglomerations. Most countries define a ‘city’ based on a minimum population threshold, which varies by country. In Spain, a metropolitan area is generally considered a city if it has over 10,000 inhabitants. However, this criterion is incomplete
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