Understanding Political Systems, Economic Sectors, and Industrial Areas in Spain

Characteristics of Democratic and Authoritarian States

Democratic States:

  • Main Feature: The people decide.
  • Elect their political representatives in free elections.
  • These representatives form assemblies or parliaments.
  • Can be republics or monarchies:

Republic

The head of state is a president elected through elections.

Parliamentary Monarchy

The Head of State is a monarch by inheritance who exercises their functions under the control of parliamentary institutions.

Authoritarian State:

  • The population lacks freedoms.
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Mediterranean, Inland, and Atlantic Landscapes of Spain

Landscapes of Mediterranean Spain

The Mediterranean climate is characterized by its hot summers, with average temperatures that can reach 25 degrees Celsius, and mild winters, around 10 degrees Celsius. The highest recorded rainfall is in autumn when rains may occur due to sudden cooling of warm, moist air, causing floods. The original vegetation, such as oak and cork oak, has been replaced by pine trees. Where the forest disappears, scrub brush vegetation, or *garrigue*, grows. In drier areas, the

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Spain’s Fishing Industry: A Deep Dive into Seafood and Agriculture

Importance of Fishing in Spain

Fishing, hunting, and gathering have historically been vital for human sustenance. Spain, with its 6,600 km of coastline, has a long-standing maritime tradition, further reinforced by religious practices that promote fish consumption.

Spain, a maritime nation with a strong Christian heritage, is among the top consumers of fish, with approximately 40 kg per person annually, compared to the European average of 20 kg.

Fisheries Structure

While fishing’s direct contribution

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Europe and Spain: Geography, Resources, and Industries

Europe: A Geographical Overview

Europe is a large landmass on the Eurasian peninsula, bounded to the north by the Ural Mountains and the Caspian Sea. Its prominent mountain ranges include the Alps and the Pyrenees.

European Climates

Europe experiences diverse climates:

  • Oceanic Climate: Influenced by the Atlantic Ocean.
  • Mediterranean Climate: Found in the south.
  • Continental Interior Climate: Located inland.
  • Polar and High Mountain Climates: Found in specific regions.

Key seas in Europe include the Baltic

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Understanding Real Estate Taxes: Nature and Taxable Events

Article 61

Real estate tax is a direct tax of a real character. The taxable event consists of the ownership of real estate, both rural and urban, within the respective municipality. This includes ownership of a real right of usufruct or surface, or an administrative concession to such property or on public services to those who are affected, and the serious value of those properties.

Article 62

For the purposes of this tax, the following shall be considered real estate of an urban nature:

  • a) Urban land,
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Economic & Social Impact of the Dictatorship

Economic Approaches

The Dictatorship’s practical economic policy was characterized by strong state intervention in all areas of the economy.

  • The control of the productive sectors and monitoring of economic activities.
  • Aid and subsidies to domestic firms.
  • The strengthening of protectionist tariffs to protect domestic products from foreign competition.
  • The increase in investment to finance road construction, water conservancy, and irrigation.
  • The creation of monopolies like Telefonica and Camps.

The results

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