Spain’s Energy Resources: An Analysis of Deficits and Alternatives
Spain’s Energy Resources and Deficit
Spain’s industrialization has led to an increase in primary energy consumption, resulting in a significant energy deficit. This necessitates the import of energy resources, making Spain an energy-dependent country. The national energy plan aims to strengthen traditional energy sources, reduce oil consumption, diversify supply sources, and increase the use of renewable energy. The success of these energy plans has varied.
Water as an Energy Resource
The use of water
Read MoreSpanish Industrial Development in the 19th Century
19th Century Spanish Industrial Development
Steel Industry: The steel industry faced significant challenges due to the lack of high-quality coal and weak demand for steel products. Its development can be divided into two stages:
- Andalusian Stage: This stage coincided with the Carlist Wars, hindering iron exploitation in the north. The reliance on charcoal, which was more expensive and less energy-efficient, led to its failure.
- Asturian Stage: This stage was characterized by coal production in the Asturias
Industrial Revolution: Technological Foundations in England
Technological Foundations of the Industrial Revolution: England
England is the country where the Industrial Revolution started, and the successive stages can be seen more clearly there. Since the sixteenth century, an era of economic development based on international trade began. The growth of London encouraged agriculture and industry. Since the mid-eighteenth century, several converging phenomena occurred simultaneously: population growth, agricultural revolution, the mass production demands new
Read MoreSpanish Urban System: Characteristics, Changes, and Relations
Characteristics of the Spanish Urban System
The Spanish urban system is a set of interrelated cities. Key characteristics include:
Size
The size of cities generally follows the rank-size rule. The largest demographic category consists of 15 urban agglomerations exceeding 500,000 inhabitants. Following these, there are numerous cities with populations between 150,000 and 400,000, reflecting recent growth in mid-sized cities. Devolution has contributed to this territorial distribution.
Location
Most major
Read MorePopulation Pyramid and City Map Analysis
How to Analyze a Population Pyramid
Sex Structure
- Note the numerical superiority of males at birth.
- Identify the age at which the sexes are numerically equal.
- Observe the final predominance of elderly women.
- Explain the causes of the increased life expectancy of women (biological factors, less exposure to risk factors, etc.).
Age Structure
- Calculate the percentages of young people (0-14), adults (15-64), and the elderly (65+).
- Analyze the shape of the pyramid:
- Triangular (e.g., Spain in 1900): Indicates
Navarre Population: Distribution, Evolution, and Trends
Navarre Population: Distribution and Evolution
Population Distribution in Navarre
Distribution: Navarre had a population of 646,000 inhabitants in 2008, with a density of 62.17 inhabitants per km2, which is less than the Spanish average. The population of Navarre represents a smaller proportion of the state’s total population than its land area. Its demographic weight has decreased since 1900. Navarre’s population density is similar to La Rioja and Aragon but significantly lower than the Basque Country.
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