Understanding Population Dynamics: Birth and Death Rates
The natural movement of population refers to changes in the number of inhabitants due to birth and death rates. The difference between these two rates is known as vegetative growth. It is positive if the birth rate exceeds the mortality rate and negative if the reverse is true.
The number of births and deaths is not expressed in absolute terms but in relation to the number of inhabitants. Therefore, we use birth rates and death rates, both expressed in parts per thousand (‰).
- Birth Rate (BR) = (
Industrial Areas: Location Factors and Landscape Types
Industrial Areas
Criteria for Industrial Locations
Industries are typically situated where supply and production costs are minimized. Several factors influence the location of industrial areas, including:
- Proximity to Raw Materials and Energy Sources: Industries are drawn to areas where resources are readily available, ensuring a consistent supply and reduced transportation expenses.
- Existing Commercial and Transport Infrastructure: Industries require efficient access to raw materials, semi-finished
Societal Shifts in 19th-Century Spain: Classes to Proletariat
ITEM 6: The Dissolution of the Privileged Classes
It dissolves the clergy and nobility. Class society becomes a classist society. There is a new organization of social groups where all citizens have the title, but the rich have more power than the poor. The working class (proletariat) emerges.
The Survival of the Nobility
Only the high nobility survives. The high nobility still has political and economic power (but not as much as before). The middle and lower classes lose power and become doctors or
Read MoreOliver Goldsmith: Historical Context of 18th Century Britain
Oliver Goldsmith
1 Historical Background
- Between 1760 and 1790, it was clear that there were two worlds: the old and the new.
- The new world was the product of technological change and was certain to produce a new and strange Britain.
- The age of Walpole had witnessed a rapid expansion of British trade and the opening of new markets, both at home and abroad.
- There was a demand for increased productivity, and merchants had sufficient capital to invest in industrial enterprises.
- The most influential developments
Tourism’s Socio-Economic Impact on Spanish Territories
Socio-Economic Impact and Territorial Tourism
Tourism is an activity that implies temporary residence and leisure pursuits (cultural, recreational, etc.). The word “economy” was first used in Britain in the late eighteenth century to designate a person who makes a pleasure trip for cultural reasons or for pleasure. In the nineteenth century, tourism was an elitist activity typical of wealthy aristocrats and the bourgeoisie.
However, since the 1960s, it has become a mass phenomenon, producing a large
Read MoreThe Hispanic Monarchy: A History of Spain
The Hispanic Monarchy
The Catholic Monarchs
The wedding of the Catholic Monarchs led to the dynastic union of Aragon and Castile, but not a political one.
- It strengthened the power of the state.
- Aiming to achieve religious unity, they created the Inquisition and expelled the Jews and the Mudejar.
- In foreign policy, their three objectives were:
- Extending the territory of the monarchy
- Expansion into the Atlantic and the Mediterranean
- Confrontation with France.