Cultural Diversity and Globalization: Impacts and Trends
Cultural Diversity: Two Special Characteristics
Cultural diversity has two special characteristics:
- All cultures receive influences from other cultures.
- As a result of cultural diversity, each culture gradually loses homogeneity.
Relations and influences among cultures are often the result of violent imposition. Cultural diversity is particularly common when people originating from elsewhere settle among us. We come into contact with cultures other than our own. Excluding them ultimately leads to either
Read MoreIndustrial Expansion Zones in Spain: Types and Features
Industrial Expansion Areas
Features
These are areas in which industry is established for different reasons. We can distinguish various types:
Metropolitan Crowns
They are in the urban periphery and have declining industrial areas undergoing restructuring, such as lower Llobregat, the left bank of the River Nervión in Bilbao, and the south of Madrid.
Suburban Fringes
They are transition zones between the urban and rural. In general, the industries are small, thinly capitalized, and in need of unskilled
Read MoreUnderstanding Population Pyramids: Analysis and Key Factors
Analyzing Sex Structure
To comment on the sex structure, one must:
- Find the numerical superiority of males at birth by calculating the sex ratio or looking at the longer bar at the bottom of the pyramid (0-4 years) on the side of men.
- Indicate when the higher male mortality leads to equalization of the effect of both sexes.
- Note the disparity in effect for the elderly.
- Explain the longer life expectancy of women and the causes of higher male mortality (war, lifestyle, etc.).
Analyzing Age Structure
Identify
Read MoreKey Concepts in Population and Urban Geography
Key Concepts in Population Geography
Migration and Population Distribution
- Emigration: The transfer of population from one place to another.
- Emigrant: A person who leaves their place of residence.
- Population Structure: The distribution of the population by sex and age. Its analysis is usually made by population pyramids, which reflect the birth rate, mortality, and population migration of a place.
- Rural Exodus: A massive migratory movement of the population from rural to urban and industrial areas. It
Understanding Historical Events: Time, Space, and Roman Hispania
Understanding Historical Events
Events happen within a specific timeframe. To understand the past, it’s essential to know where historical events occurred. Events always unfold in a given time.
Time can have different meanings:
- Weather
- Astronomical Time
- Psychological Time: Differs from astronomical time, which is the same for everyone.
A key feature of time is that it passes for everyone and everything. Throughout history, things change. Change is the transformation that humans and beings experience over
Read MoreUnderstanding Population Dynamics: Birth and Death Rates
The natural movement of population refers to changes in the number of inhabitants due to birth and death rates. The difference between these two rates is known as vegetative growth. It is positive if the birth rate exceeds the mortality rate and negative if the reverse is true.
The number of births and deaths is not expressed in absolute terms but in relation to the number of inhabitants. Therefore, we use birth rates and death rates, both expressed in parts per thousand (‰).
- Birth Rate (BR) = (