Biological, Forest, Agricultural, Livestock, and Water Resources

Biological Resources

These resources share a biological origin, and if managed rationally, can provide renewable materials.

Forest Resources

Forests provide resources and play a vital role in balancing the biosphere through:

  • Soil conservation (protection against erosion, rain, and wind)
  • Decaying material contributing to soil formation (humus)
  • Oxygen release and carbon dioxide uptake

Forests provide materials such as:

  • Wood: The primary structural material from trees, composed of cellulose and lignin (sugars)
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Fallingwater: Frank Lloyd Wright’s Architectural Masterpiece

Kaufmann House

Architect: Frank Lloyd Wright

Date: 1935 – 1937

Location: Bear Run, Pennsylvania (USA)

Style: Organic

Materials Used: Concrete, natural stone, glass, and aluminum.

System: Industrial materials.

Formal Analysis

Support Elements

This architectural work rises from a stone base. The house rests on a solid foundation, supported by stone walls and reinforced concrete columns. These elements support the different floors and cantilevered terraces that extend over the landscape. Each of the three terraces

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Spain’s Autonomous Communities: Formation, Organization, and Financing

The Formation Process of Autonomous Communities in Spain

The Autonomous period started after Franco’s death. Adolfo Suarez granted a pre-autonomy regime in Catalonia, which then spread to 13 regions. The map was 14 pre-autonomies, almost coinciding with the present, with the exception of La Rioja and Cantabria (integrated into Castile and Leon), and Madrid (which had the opportunity to form a single community or incorporate into Castilla La Mancha).

The Autonomic Period

This period began after enacting

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Catalonia and Spain within the EU: Economy and Political Structure

* Rompuy brothers and Catherine Ashton in the EU

Catalonia and Spain within the EU:

1. Economic Exchanges and Development

Spain is a post-industrial nation, transitioning from industry to a service-based economy, largely due to ICT development. Catalonia, Spain’s most productive region, significantly contributes to the Spanish economy, making Spain a major EU country. Catalonia’s GDP per capita is about 30% above the European average, with above-average GDP growth and increasing exports. However, education

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Understanding Urban Development: Concepts, Networks, and Systems

The Urban Development Concept

Urbanization is the phenomenon by which cities grow rapidly in number, population, and surface area. Lifestyles characteristic of cities are extended to large areas. A traditional interpretation considers only demographic, economic, and geographical factors, but a more advanced approach includes cultural aspects.

Different Rhythms of Urbanization

It is estimated that by 2020, three-quarters of the world’s population will be urban, and one in four people will live in cities

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Spanish Tourism: Evolution, Impacts, and Challenges

Key Tourism Terms

Transport system: Media set to allow the movement of people and goods.

TEN (Trans-European Networks): Set of transmission systems to allow communication from the European Union countries.

Tour operator: Wholesale companies that integrate all phases of the tourist business (hotels, transport, etc.).

Tourist Seasonality: Concentration of demand at certain times of year (e.g., summer for sun and beach).

Wholesale: Concentrated production and sales to retail (other companies).

Retail: Selling

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