Understanding Population Pyramids: Analysis and Key Factors
Analyzing Sex Structure
To comment on the sex structure, one must:
- Find the numerical superiority of males at birth by calculating the sex ratio or looking at the longer bar at the bottom of the pyramid (0-4 years) on the side of men.
- Indicate when the higher male mortality leads to equalization of the effect of both sexes.
- Note the disparity in effect for the elderly.
- Explain the longer life expectancy of women and the causes of higher male mortality (war, lifestyle, etc.).
Analyzing Age Structure
Identify
Read MoreKey Concepts in Population and Urban Geography
Key Concepts in Population Geography
Migration and Population Distribution
- Emigration: The transfer of population from one place to another.
- Emigrant: A person who leaves their place of residence.
- Population Structure: The distribution of the population by sex and age. Its analysis is usually made by population pyramids, which reflect the birth rate, mortality, and population migration of a place.
- Rural Exodus: A massive migratory movement of the population from rural to urban and industrial areas. It
Understanding Historical Events: Time, Space, and Roman Hispania
Understanding Historical Events
Events happen within a specific timeframe. To understand the past, it’s essential to know where historical events occurred. Events always unfold in a given time.
Time can have different meanings:
- Weather
- Astronomical Time
- Psychological Time: Differs from astronomical time, which is the same for everyone.
A key feature of time is that it passes for everyone and everything. Throughout history, things change. Change is the transformation that humans and beings experience over
Read MoreUnderstanding Population Dynamics: Birth and Death Rates
The natural movement of population refers to changes in the number of inhabitants due to birth and death rates. The difference between these two rates is known as vegetative growth. It is positive if the birth rate exceeds the mortality rate and negative if the reverse is true.
The number of births and deaths is not expressed in absolute terms but in relation to the number of inhabitants. Therefore, we use birth rates and death rates, both expressed in parts per thousand (‰).
- Birth Rate (BR) = (
Industrial Areas: Location Factors and Landscape Types
Industrial Areas
Criteria for Industrial Locations
Industries are typically situated where supply and production costs are minimized. Several factors influence the location of industrial areas, including:
- Proximity to Raw Materials and Energy Sources: Industries are drawn to areas where resources are readily available, ensuring a consistent supply and reduced transportation expenses.
- Existing Commercial and Transport Infrastructure: Industries require efficient access to raw materials, semi-finished
Societal Shifts in 19th-Century Spain: Classes to Proletariat
ITEM 6: The Dissolution of the Privileged Classes
It dissolves the clergy and nobility. Class society becomes a classist society. There is a new organization of social groups where all citizens have the title, but the rich have more power than the poor. The working class (proletariat) emerges.
The Survival of the Nobility
Only the high nobility survives. The high nobility still has political and economic power (but not as much as before). The middle and lower classes lose power and become doctors or
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