Industrial Revolution: Origins and Expansion
Origins of the Industrial Revolution
Pre-industrial societies faced significant limitations, leading to economic, nutritional, and demographic stagnation. Subsistence agriculture and craft industries predominated. Transport and trade were slow, hampered by customs. In 18th-century Lancashire, a British region experienced a process of industrial concentration with the creation of new industries. This process is known as the *Industrial Revolution* in Britain. The development of modern industry was
Read MoreForest Products, Agriculture, and Farming Practices
Forest Products and Their Properties
Forests provide a variety of valuable products:
- Camphor: A white, crystalline substance with a pungent odor, extracted by distilling the wood of the camphor tree. It is used in medicine and cosmetics.
- Rubber: An elastic and waterproof substance obtained from the sap of the rubber tree. It is strategically important and primarily used for manufacturing tires.
- Cork: Thick sheets obtained from the bark of the cork oak tree. It is mainly used in manufacturing stoppers
Biogeographic Regions & Demographic Shifts in Spain
Biogeographic Regions of Spain
Based on lithology and climate, Spain has three distinct biogeographic regions:
- Eurosiberian: Located in northern Spain, characterized by an Atlantic climate with soft rains.
- Mediterranean: Covering the rest of the peninsula, featuring a Mediterranean climate with long, dry summers.
- Macaronesian: Includes the Canary Islands, known for a high number of endemic species.
Main Vegetation Types
- Deciduous Forest and Heathland:
- Characterized by tall trees with straight trunks and
Geography of Spain: Relief, Soil, and Location
Geographical Location of Spain
Spain is a European country located in the northern temperate hemisphere. The Spanish state comprises the following areas:
- The majority of the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe, positioned away from the center of the continent. Its natural boundaries are the Bay of Biscay and the Pyrenees to the north, the Strait of Gibraltar to the south, the Mediterranean Sea to the east, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west.
- The Balearic Islands, located in the Mediterranean Sea,
Geography Glossary: Key Terms and Definitions
Annual Rainfall Patterns
Annual rainfall patterns are a set of changes experienced by rainfall throughout the year. They may be regular when there are no dry months, or irregular with more than two dry months.
Industrial Restructuring
Industrial restructuring is a shock treatment acting intensively in a short period, applying necessary reforms to adapt to new industries’ technological cycles and market competitive conditions. Actions are based on matching supply to demand, financial restructuring of
Read MoreSpain’s Fisheries: Common Policy, Regional Significance, and Aquaculture
Part 2
Spain and the Common Fisheries Policy
Spain joined the European Community in 1986, retaining a significant fishing potential equivalent to two-thirds of the European fleet. Upon signing the accession agreement, Spain faced stringent conditions and a seventeen-year transition period, with full integration expected by 2002.
Initially, Europe lacked a common fisheries policy. The Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) shares similarities with the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and encompasses four key
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