Natural Gas: Formation, Extraction, and Types

Where is Natural Gas Found?

Oil and natural gas are not found in subsurface layers in the form of lakes or rivers. Instead, they are contained within the pore spaces of certain rocks. The existence of these oil-bearing rock layers is scarce, and locating them is the fundamental task of professional geologists and geophysicists. Natural gas was discovered in the United States in the early seventeenth century, although it was known in other parts of the world many centuries earlier. From analyzing

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Moon Formation: Theories and NASA Exploration

The Moon: Unveiling its Origins

Video: The Moon (The Universe)

In 1609, Galileo Galilei, using his telescope, made detailed drawings of the Moon’s surface. He observed a world that was not flat, but rather filled with craters and shadows, suggesting a celestial body unlike any previously imagined. His observations challenged existing beliefs and laid the groundwork for understanding the Moon’s true nature. From his work, and the work of many others, four main theories about the Moon’s origin have

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Understanding Eutrophication, Aquifers, and Groundwater Contamination

Eutrophication of Surface Water

Eutrophication occurs when a river, lake, or reservoir becomes enriched with nutrients. This can be a natural process or caused by human activities (anthropogenic). An excess of nutrients leads to abundant plant growth, which, upon dying and decaying, reduces water quality. This decomposition process consumes large amounts of oxygen, making the water unsuitable for most living organisms and severely damaging the ecosystem.

Natural Water Purification: Water has a capacity

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Waste Management: Types, Technologies, and Best Practices

Waste Management: A Comprehensive Overview

Technological advancements have driven economic development and improved social well-being. However, these advancements have also led to increased pollution, originating from economic, technological, and social factors. Key pollution types include water, air, noise, and waste.

Plasma Technology for Waste Disintegration

Plasma technology offers an industrial and scientifically controlled method for disintegrating non-recyclable waste by breaking down its molecular

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Chile’s Geomorphology and Natural Hazards

Regional Geomorphology of Chile

Chile’s regional geomorphology can be broadly categorized into five main units:

  1. Andes Mountains
  2. Precordillera (Foothills)
  3. Intermediate Depression
  4. Cordillera de la Costa (Coastal Range)
  5. Coastal Plains
  • Andes Mountains:
    • Average height generally does not exceed 2000 meters.
    • Some volcanic peaks reach 3000 meters, including Chillán and Antuco volcanoes.
    • Characterized by bulky and plateau-like forms, with some acute or prominent low-profile features.
    • Features valleys formed by the
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Almohad Mosque of Seville: History & Architecture

Almohad Mosque of Seville: A 12th-Century Legacy

This mosque replaced an earlier one from the Caliphate period (9th century), located at the site of the present Church of the Savior. Little remains of the original structure, as it was destroyed in the 15th century to make way for a Gothic cathedral. The current riwaqs (porticos) corresponding to the orange trees are remnants of the earlier mosque.

Construction Phases and Architects

Construction of the Almohad Mosque began between 1172 and 1176 under

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