Skin and Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Bone Cells
Skin Structure and Function
Skin: There are two types of skin:
- Thick skin: Found on the palms of the hands, fingertips, and soles of the feet.
- Thin skin: Covers most of the body and contains hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and arrector pili muscles.
Functions of the Skin
The skin provides:
- Protection: From pathogens and the environment.
- Sensation: Contains nerve endings for touch, pressure, temperature, and pain.
- Body Temperature Regulation: Through sweat production and blood vessel dilation/constriction.
Endocrine System: Diseases and Oral Manifestations
Endocrine System
The pituitary gland is an organ located in the sella turcica of the skull that governs the entire endocrine system. It has two distinct anatomical and physiological regions:
- Anterior lobe (adenohypophysis): Secretes FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), LH (luteinizing hormone), TSH (thyrotropin or thyroid-stimulating hormone), ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone that controls the adrenal glands), GH (growth hormone), and prolactin (stimulates mammary glands and promotes milk production)
Human Body Systems: Skin and Skeletal Structures
Skin
Structure and Function
The skin can be categorized into two main types: thick skin (found on the palms of the hands, fingertips, and soles of the feet) and thin skin (covering most of the body and containing hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and arrector pili muscles).
The skin serves several crucial functions:
- Protection: Shields the body from pathogens and environmental factors.
- Sensation: Contains nerve endings for tactile and thermal perception.
- Body Temperature Regulation: Facilitates sweating
Pituitary Gland: Anatomy, Function, and Clinical Significance
Pituitary Gland (Hypophysis Cerebri)
The pituitary gland, also known as the hypophysis cerebri, is a small, pea-sized gland that plays a major role in regulating vital body functions.
It is often called the “master gland” because it controls the activity of other hormone-secreting glands. The gland lies in the hypophyseal or pituitary fossa, which is roofed by the diaphragma sellae.
The weight of the pituitary gland is about 500mg.
Relations of the Pituitary Gland
Superiorly, the pituitary gland is related
Read MoreAnatomy of the Human Skeleton: Bones and Functions
The Human Skeleton
The human skeleton, along with muscles, joints, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage, forms the locomotor system, enabling movement.
- The skull, trunk, spine, pelvis, upper and lower extremities, hands, and feet constitute the complete human skeleton.
- The skeletal system is divided into the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton comprises 80 bones located in the skull, face, spine, chest, ribs, sternum, and hyoid bone. The appendicular skeleton includes the
Physiology of Muscles, Hearing, and Vision: Key Concepts
SOL.III
Lepidopteran Physiology
1. If we measure the time where the maximum occurs, free intracellular Ca concentration in the cytoplasm: depolarization of PA
Acoustic Stapedial Reflex
2. The acoustic stapedial reflex is defined as an involuntary stapedial contraction against intense sound.
Paraplegia
3. What would be the likely explanation that a paraplegic has a minimum percentage of…: lack of information to the muscle nerve
Muscular Fiber
4. If muscular X fibers have lower levels of calsequestrin in
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