Narrative, Expository, and Argumentative Texts: A Guide
Narrative Texts
Description Types
Literary Description: Subjective, expressive, and aesthetic.
Technical Description: Objective, accurate, clear, and purposeful.
Narrative Structure
Closed Structure: Follows a preconceived plan with a beginning, middle, and end. Chronological order can be altered using techniques like in medias res (starting in the middle of the action) or starting at the end.
Open Structure: Unfolds without a pre-determined outline.
Characters
- Creation: The reason for a character’s existence
Narrative Techniques in the Modern Novel
Interior Monologue
Also called the “stream of consciousness,” this technique gained prominence after the publication of Ulysses (1922). It offers the highest degree of subjectivity, eliminating the narrator’s voice and presenting the character’s thoughts directly.
Édouard Dujardin, a 19th-century French writer, defined the interior monologue as: “The inner monologue, like every monologue, is a speech by the character in question. It is intended to introduce us directly into the inner life of that
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General Characteristics of Journalistic Language
Journalistic language is influenced by several factors: technological advancements, foreign languages (especially English), other discourses (e.g., political, literary, colloquial), and sometimes, deliberate ambiguity and casual language use.
Morphosyntactic Features
- Tendency to place the subject at the end of the sentence.
- Lengthy sentences due to verbal phrases, paraphrases, prepositional and conjunctive phrases, redundant expressions, subheadings,
Communication and Literary Analysis: A Comprehensive Guide
Communication and Language
Defining Communication
Communication, a social science field, explores how communicative exchanges occur and impact society. It investigates the principles, concepts, and regularities underlying communication as a social process. Language, the ability to communicate through oral or written signs, plays a crucial role.
Language and its Variations
Language is a system of signs learned and retained by speakers. A dialect is a sign system derived from a common language, often
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UNIT 1: COMMUNICATION
1.1 Definition
Communication is an act whereby an individual (human, animal, or object) provides one or more other contacts that let you transmit certain information.
Elements of Communication
- Issuer: Subject to the act of communication occurs.
- Referring: The extra-linguistic reality referred to by the message communication.
- Joint Signs: Code, interrelated, and rules of construction, available to the sender and receiver.
- Message: Result of coding, carrier of information, or the amount
Forms of Linguistic Expression
Unit 5: Forms of Linguistic Expression
Communication
The concept of communication has two aspects:
- Content: The message itself.
- Expression: The form the message takes.
These are forms of expression:
Description
This is a picture drawn with words. In the description of a person, when it refers to physical features, it’s called prosopography, and when it refers to moral traits, it’s called etopeya. The description uses the adjective, whose function is to identify concrete and abstract qualities of the noun
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