Pandas Data Manipulation: A Practical Guide with Examples
Importing Libraries and Data
Importing Libraries
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
Reading CSV Files
coffee = pd.read_csv('./warmup-data/coffee.csv')
bios = pd.read_csv("./data/bios.csv")
nocs = pd.read_csv('./data/noc_regions.csv')
results = pd.read_csv('./data/results.csv')
Creating DataFrames
df = pd.DataFrame([[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]], columns=['a', 'b', 'c'], index=["x", "y", "z"])
Viewing and Inspecting Data
df.head()
df.info()
df.describe()
Selecting Data
Selecting Columns and Rows
coffee[
Children’s Literature in English: Fostering Language Skills and Cultural Enrichment
1. Introduction
One of the functions of language is the poetic function. This means that it can be used for the sheer enjoyment of language. Children’s Literature has certain features that make it more attractive and interesting for children. But listening to or reading literary texts, tales, and stories isn’t just a pleasurable activity, it’s also a communicative activity that contributes to the development of Communicative Competence in our students.
Our current educational system, ruled by LOMLOE
Read MoreLanguage and Communication: A Comprehensive Guide
TOPIC 1: Language and Communication: Spoken and Written Language. Factors in a Communicative Situation: Sender, Receiver, Purpose, and Context.
1. Introduction
Language is an essential and characteristic part of being human. Children all over the world begin to speak at the same age and follow the same learning pattern because all languages have a similar basic structure. Language is what human beings mainly use for communication.
Traditional Foreign Language Teaching concentrated on getting students
Read MoreTeaching the English Writing Code: A Guide to Sound-Grapheme Relationships and Spelling Activities
1. Introduction
Due to globalization, communication among people from different countries and cultures has become a necessity. For this reason, the educational curriculum gives great importance to the teaching and learning process of a Foreign Language, in this case, English. As mentioned in the Organic Law (LOE) 3rd of May/2006, modified by LOMLOE 03/2020 29th of December and also included in RD 1st of March 157/2022, more specifically in D61/2022 13th of July, areas like plurilingualism focus on
Read MoreDeveloping Phonological Competence in English: A Guide for Educators
Topic 9: Phonological Competence in English
The Phonatory Organs and Phonation. English Phonological System. Learning Techniques and Models. Perception, Discrimination and Emission of Sounds, Intonations, Rhythms and Accents. The Phonetic Correction.
1. Introduction
As has been proven throughout the years, the first ability acquired is listening, whether we are focusing on mother tongue or foreign language acquisition. In that way, it can be stated that receptive skills precede productive skills.
Following
Read MoreA Comprehensive Guide to Teaching Listening and Speaking Skills in EFL
1. Introduction
The importance of a common language for global communication has increased significantly due to globalization. Learning English as a foreign language (EFL) equips students with the ability to communicate effectively worldwide. Linguists like Chomsky and Hymes refer to this ability as Communicative Competence. This competence is developed through the four fundamental language skills: Listening, Speaking, Reading, and Writing. This natural order of language acquisition, as outlined
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