Evolution of Languages and Dialects in the Iberian Peninsula
Development and Relations of Languages and Dialects in the Iberian Peninsula
Language differences arose during the Reconquista and subsequent multilingualism. The fragmentation of Vulgar Latin resulted in distinct language cores.
Galician-Portuguese
In the northwest, Galician-Portuguese was very similar to Latin, reflecting the area’s extensive Romanization. During the Middle Ages, the language supported a significant literary culture. Even Alfonso X the Wise wrote poems in this language (Cantigas
Read MoreThe Generation of ’27: Spanish Poetic Innovation
The Generation of ’27 renewed Spanish lyric poetry, blending traditional and classical forms with the most innovative and cutting-edge techniques. Key members included Pedro Salinas, Jorge Guillén, Gerardo Diego, Rafael Alberti, Federico García Lorca, Luis Cernuda, Vicente Aleixandre, Dámaso Alonso, Emilio Prados, and Manuel Altolaguirre.
Common Characteristics
- Similar ages
- Bourgeois family backgrounds
- Friendships formed through participation in tributes to Góngora
- Publication in influential journals
Latin American Literature: Key Authors and Works
First Generation of Latin American Authors
First generation
The success achieved in Europe by Hispanic novelists of the sixties came from earlier writers, no less exceptional, who were hardly known outside their countries.
Juan Rulfo (1918-1986)
Juan Rulfo (1918-1986) is the author of books of short stories, The Plain in Flames, a short novel, Pedro Páramo, and some film scripts. Both in his stories and in his solitary, self-absorbed characters, overwhelmed by feelings of guilt and surrounded by a
Read MoreModernist Novel: Characteristics and Key Authors
The Novel Before 1936: Introduction
20th Century: Crisis of Realism and Search for New Novelistic Forms.
1. Argument
The action becomes less important, is interrupted by digressions, and has an open and uncertain ending.
2. Themes
Besides the universal themes (loneliness, death, love), themes are inserted into nihilism, psychoanalysis, and philosophy. The inquiry becomes psychological and moral.
3. Structure
External: Arrangement into chapters and sequences. Internal: Influence of film and language.
4.
Read MoreHercules’ Six Labors: Nemean Lion, Hydra, and More
Hercules’ First Labor: The Nemean Lion
Eurystheus ordered Hercules to slay the Nemean lion, a beast with rock-hard skin that hid during the day and night, killing every living thing that crossed its path. Hercules tried to kill it with weapons, but they had no effect. He then grabbed the lion by its hind legs, and after hitting it against the wall until it was dazed, he strangled it. Hercules then used the lion’s own claws to skin the body and wore the pelt as a shield.
Hercules’ Second Labor: The
Read MoreMiguel Hernández: Exploring Themes of Life, Love, and Death
Life, Love, and Death: The Essence of Miguel Hernández’s Poetry
Miguel Hernández’s poetry is deeply rooted in experience. What greater literary experience is there than life, love, and death? His work, particularly in Song and Ballad of Absences, synthesizes existence around these three constants, as expressed in the poem I Came with Three Wounds: “He arrived with three wounds: love, death, life.” All of his work revolves around the mysteries of life, procreation, and death: love as a sign of life,
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