Romanticism and Realism in 19th Century Spanish Literature

Concept and Characteristics of Romanticism

Romanticism is an ideological and artistic movement that encompasses literature, art, and an attitude towards life. It emphasizes:

  • Freedom, Power, and Individualism: The individual’s ego utilizes irrationality to break free from the constraints of reason.
  • Romantic Rebel and Hero: The conflict between the individual and the world leads to the emergence of the romantic rebel, a hero who often succumbs in the struggle against fate.
  • Action and Escape: These struggles
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Lyric Poetry: Exploring Emotions and Expression

Lyric Poetry: An Overview

Lyric poetry is traditionally defined as the expression of feelings through words, whether written or spoken. This genre is characterized by subjectivity, where the poet offers a glimpse into their inner thoughts and perspectives on reality. While often associated with love, lyric poetry encompasses a wide range of emotions including sorrow, loneliness, fear, failure, joy, distress, and nostalgia.

It’s important to differentiate lyric poetry from other forms like epic poetry.

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Venezuelan Culture (1830-1935)

Education

In the early years of the Republic (1830-), education was limited, with centers at the universities of Caracas and Mérida. Provincial National Schools, founded by the Colombian government, also existed. Dr. José María Vargas and Juan Manuel Cajigal championed the creation of new schools. The 1830 Congress decreed that primary education be managed by each province, leading to the establishment of elementary schools in major towns.

The National Library’s creation in 1833, under General

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Spanish Literature: Critical Appraisals

Critical Appraisal of the Gypsy Ballads by Federico Garcia Lorca

Context and Themes

Composed between 1924 and 1927, the Gypsy Ballads consist of 18 ballads that mark a renewal of the romance genre. Lorca revitalizes the narrative tradition of the 19th century (seen in authors like Zorrilla) after the lyricism that dominated the Golden Age and Modernism. He masterfully fuses narrative and lyrical elements while incorporating dramatic aspects, achieving a perfect synthesis. Influenced by his studies

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20th Century Spanish Narrative: Realism & Renewal

Narrative in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century

1 / Novel and Society in Post-War Spain: 40 Years of Existential Realism

Between 1939 and 1950, given the dramatic circumstances, the novels of Baroja, and more specifically “The Search”, could serve as a model for many of the narrators of what has been called Generation 40. Two dates could be identified as significant: 1942 with “The Family of Pascual Duarte” by Camilo Jose Cela, a sour vision of wretched and brutal realities described as tremendous,

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18th Century Literature: Neoclassicism and Memoirs in Catalonia

Authors and Works of the Eighteenth Century in Catalonia

Neoclassicism

Ramis Ramis and John

Joan Ramis i Ramis (1746-1819), born in Maó, Menorca, was a prominent playwright, poet, and scholar. He studied in Mallorca and Perpignan, France, before working as a lawyer for the British government during their rule of Menorca. A champion of Catalan culture, he co-founded the Societat Maonesa de Cultura in 1781, which fostered intellectual and literary pursuits. Ramis is considered a key figure in Catalan

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