Mass Media and Literature: From 19th Century to Today

Mass Media

  • Radio: A means of communication that is fast and cheap, and principally uses the spoken word to inform, entertain, and educate.
  • Television: The most influential medium of communication due to its ability to unite image and word.
  • Newspaper: Aims to transmit real, objective, and current information, using the written word and images.
  • Internet: Has it all.

Nineteenth Century

Realism stems from the Guide and Cervantes, and continues in the novel of the eighteenth century. In the nineteenth century,

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Don Quixote: A Literary Masterpiece by Cervantes

Don Quixote: A Literary Masterpiece

Publication History

The first part of Don Quixote, titled The Ingenious Hidalgo Don Quixote de la Mancha, was published in 1605. It consists of a prologue, burlesque poems, and 52 chapters grouped into four parts. The second part was published in 1615 with a title change: The Ingenious Knight Don Quixote de la Mancha. It consists of a prologue and 74 chapters.

Sources of Inspiration

Besides drawing inspiration from various narrative models such as pastoral, Byzantine,

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Ancient Rome: From Republic to Empire and Its Legacy

1. Rome: The Empire City

Roman civilization developed around the Mediterranean, which the Romans called Mare Nostrum, Latin for “our sea”. The city of Rome was the cradle of this civilization. Situated on the River Tiber in the Italian Peninsula, the formation of the empire was a long process. Rome conquered all territories in the Italian Peninsula. This mixed territory had quite different peoples, but all were subject to Roman authority. With some peoples, varying degrees of covenants were established

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Catalan Literature in the Postwar Franco Era

What impact did the postwar Franco dictatorship have on language and literature? How did the situation evolve in Catalan literature during the war?

During the early postwar years, Catalan literature remained latent. During the forties and fifties, there were fundamental works by authors such as Josep Carner and J.V. Foix. Yet, despite this echo of hope, Catalan would be banned for a considerable period. Both the publication of books and plays in Catalan had to wait for more favorable years, starting

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Spanish Romanticism: Authors, Theater, and Historical Novels

The Historical Novel in 19th-Century Spain

In the mid-nineteenth century, the historical novel was the literary genre in fashion. Many authors followed in the footsteps of Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, and especially Walter Scott, whose works, optimistic and encouraging the empowerment of the actors, fit perfectly within the liberal ideology.

In the historical novels of Spanish Romanticism, the selection of cases was usually guided by the ability to draw parallels with contemporary problems. The extensive

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Ara Pacis: Symbolism and History of the Roman Altar of Peace

Ara Pacis: Symbolism and History

General Documentation

Year: 13 BCE

Name: Altar of Peace (Ara Pacis)

Material: Marble

Technique: Cut, Embossed

Location: Rome

Formal Analysis

Brief Description of Work: The Ara Pacis is a square building on a raised podium, with two doors, one on the east and one on the west side. The enclosure was approximately square. The small temple, now enclosed in a portico with columns, was an area dedicated to the *Numen* of peace. Numen is the representation of a deity or divinity.

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