Spain’s 1876 Constitution and the Canovista System
Understanding Spain’s 1876 Constitution
Source Analysis and Historical Context
Type of Source and Primary Nature
The document in question is a primary source, specifically the Spanish Constitution of 1876. It is a public and political document. The articles referenced within it pertain to the state’s confessional nature, fundamental freedoms (expression, assembly, association, and petition), and the legislative branch’s division into two houses of parliament: the Congress and the Senate.
Historical
Read MorePrivate International Law: Core Principles and Legal Frameworks
Sources of International Law
- Internal Sources
- Treaty Sources: Agreements among states.
- Institutional Sources: Events created by international organizations.
- Transnational Law: Such as Lex Mercatoria.
- Soft Law: Non-binding recommendations and opinions, lacking direct legal force.
Sources and Techniques in Private International Law (DIP)
- Primary Law (Original Law): Founding treaties, agreements, and amending or accession acts.
- Secondary Law (Derived Law): Measures adopted to comply with treaties and objectives,
Legal System Basics: Sources and Branches of Law
Legal System Fundamentals: Sources of Law
The rules that comprise the legal system originate from various sources:
Law
Refers to any general and binding law, enacted by a state organ in accordance with the national constitution. Rules can be found at national and provincial levels. Key features include:
- Mandatory: Laws must be obeyed by all inhabitants of the country, whether Argentine nationals or foreigners.
- General: They govern all similar situations described within the text of the law.
- Stable: Laws
Labor Law: Wage Compensation & Benefits Regulations
Compensation and Wage Regulations
Article 129: Salary Determination
The salary shall be freely determined, but in no case shall it be less than the minimum fixed by the competent authority as prescribed by law.
Article 130: Wage Fixing Criteria
In fixing the amount of wages for each type of work, the quantity and quality of service shall be taken into account, as well as the need to ensure a humane and dignified living for the worker and their family.
Article 131: Worker’s Right to Dispose of Wages
The
Read MoreEssential Commercial Law: Sales & Commission Contracts
Commercial Sales Contracts and Obligations
Consequences of Buyer’s Unjustified Refusal
If the buyer refuses or rejects goods without valid reason or purpose, the seller, who prefers the performance of the contract, may deposit the goods in court. The seller can then claim the price and may also seek contract rescission.
Common Breaches of Contractual Obligations
- Failure in the duty of delivery of goods in all circumstances (quantity, quality, etc.).
- Breach of the duty of paying the price.
- Failure to accept
International Peace & Security: Core Concepts & Challenges
International Peace & Security: Key Points
Global peace relies on diplomacy, enforcement, and justice. The UN and ICC are central to conflict resolution.
Key Success Factors & Institutional Roles
UN and ICC Roles in Peace & Security
- UNSC (United Nations Security Council): Maintains international peace and security. Composed of 15 members; 5 permanent members hold veto power (United States, United Kingdom, France, Russia, China).
- UN Tools: Diplomacy, mediation, arbitration, peacekeeping, and