Labor Law: Rights, Regulations, and Special Relationships

1. Characteristics of an Employment Relationship Regulated by the State

An employment relationship regulated by the state must meet the following characteristics:

  • Employed
  • Rewarded
  • Staff
  • Dependent
  • Volunteer

2. Special Labor Relations: A List with Examples

Special labor relations fulfill all criteria of ordinary labor relations but with singular features. Examples include:

  • Senior management staff
  • Workers serving the family home, which includes those who do cleaning, childcare, gardening jobs, etc.
  • Prisoners
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Chilean Visas and Passport Requirements for Travelers

Chilean Visas: Entry Requirements for Travelers

A visa is a document that allows you to enter a country. It is granted based on the reason that justifies and enables travel abroad, allowing you to stay in the situation for which the license was issued.

Purpose of a Visa

A visa allows travel to the so-called “port of entry,” that is, the airport or land border crossing. It is used to ask an immigration officer to allow entry into the country in question. Only that officer has the authority to permit
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Understanding Legal Sources and Constitutional Principles in Spain

Formal Aspects of the Spanish Legal System

Constitutional Principles as Supreme Law

As a rule, constitutional principles are supreme. Under the Civil Code, the sources of law are:

  • The Law: Originates from legislative decisions (Positive Law).
  • Custom: Established through repeated behaviors (Customary Law).
  • Judicial Precedent: Derived from court judgments (Jurisprudential Law).
  • General Principles of Law (Article 1.4 of the Civil Code), such as good faith in fulfilling agreements and obligations (“pacta
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Valencian Community: Institutions and Governance

The Valencian Community is a self-governing region in Spain with a rich history and unique political structure. The set of self-government institutions of the Valencian Community is known as the Generalitat Valenciana.

Historical Evolution of the Generalitat

  • 1418: The General Council, initially called the “Generalitat,” was created. Its charges were valid for three years, and their functions were executive and administrative.
  • 1510: The Courts approved the reorganization of the government, giving it
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Legal and Political Organization of Companies: State, Law, and Systems

Legal and Political Organization of Companies

The members of a social group need to understand how to act without harming others’ interests, and who has the power to manage and resolve conflicts. According to Bodin’s 16th-century concept, sovereignty implies a supreme, indivisible, native, and legally independent power. In the 18th century, Rousseau argued that sovereignty should be held by the people, with each individual having a share of popular sovereignty. This concept has become the norm in

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Legal Classification of Goods and Property

Legal Classification of Goods

Things: Tangible objects which can be valued.

Goods: Objects which can be measured in terms of money.

The Civil Code classifies goods following a double criteria:

  • In Isolation or in Themselves:

    • Real Property (Immovable Objects):

      • Real estates due to their inherent nature.
      • Real estates due to their physical accession.
      • Accessories integral to real estates, not physically attached.
      • Documents or instruments pertaining to real estates.
    • Chattels or Movables (Movable Objects):

      • Livestock
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