ECHR: Balancing Human Rights and Societal Needs
Limitations on Human Rights Under the ECHR
Introduction
Human rights are fundamental pillars of democratic societies, ensuring the protection of individual freedoms and dignity. However, these rights are not absolute. The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) recognizes that certain rights may be subject to limitations under specific conditions. These limitations are essential for balancing individual freedoms with broader societal interests, such as national security, public safety, and the
Read MoreBrand Strategies and Tax Guide for Businesses
Brand Management
Brand Categories
- Single/Umbrella Brand: All products under one name (e.g., Danone, Sony). Saves on advertising costs when company prestige is high.
- Multiple Brands: Different brands for different products (e.g., PMI and Easter).
- White Label/Distributor: Retailers buy excess production or manufacturers produce for them (e.g., farmers).
- Partnerships: Two or more brands collaborate on a new product.
Marketing and Sales
- Merchandising: Actions to promote goods at the point of sale.
- Personal
Tax Inspection Procedures
Inspection Procedure
a) Proceedings of Verification and Investigation: Check and investigate the proper implementation of tax obligations, and if necessary, stabilize the situation required by the practice of one or more settlements. Be distinguished:
- Evidence: Truth and accuracy of the acts, the elements contained by taxpayers in their statements.
- Research: Aims to discover the existence of relevant undeclared tax facts.
b) Actions to Obtain Information: To obtain tax information with transcendence,
Read MoreUnderstanding Gender Equality in Employment: A Legal Analysis
General Framework of the Directive
General framework of the Directive: Equal treatment in access to employment, promotion and training, working conditions, and Social Security.
Obligation of Member States to actively consider the goal of equality between men and women when formulating and implementing laws, regulations, administrative provisions, policies, and activities.
IT: the absence of any direct or indirect discrimination based on sex. No discrimination based on marital or family status.
DD: where
Read MoreNAFTA Framework: Goods Trade, Origin Rules, and Disputes
NAFTA Development Timeline
- January 1, 1989: Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (CUSFTA) enters into force.
- June 10, 1990: Canada, the U.S., and Mexico agree to pursue a free trade agreement.
- February 5, 1991: NAFTA (CUSFTA-plus, with Mexico joining) negotiations begin.
- December 17, 1992: NAFTA is signed by leaders from Canada, the U.S., and Mexico.
- August 1993: Additional side agreements on labor and the environment are negotiated.
- January 1, 1994: NAFTA enters into force.
Relationship with GATT and Other
Read MoreUnderstanding Entrepreneurship: Legal Definitions & Classifications
Legal Definition and Features of an Entrepreneur
1. Where is the legal definition of entrepreneur laid down? Which are the main features?
The legal definition can be found in Article 1 of the Commercial Code. An entrepreneur operates as a sole trader, carrying on their business alone, acting completely on their own account. This means they make the main decisions concerning that economic organization and, with the hope of profit, take on financial risks associated with the activity, assuming unlimited
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