Foundational Principles of the U.S. Legal Framework
Foundational Legal Concepts
- Attorney-Client Privilege: Clients’ communications are kept private when seeking legal advice.
- Confidentiality: Client information cannot be revealed.
- Definition of Law: Rules established by the government, enforceable by punishment.
- Legal System Definition: Institutions, procedures, and rules that establish and enforce norms.
- Legal Morality: Just because something is legal does not mean it is morally correct.
- Justice: Fair and impartial treatment to all individuals under
Public Contract Guarantees and Supplier Registration Rules
Exclusion of Supplier Registration
A supplier may be excluded from registration for the following reasons:
- Death or extinction of the natural or legal person.
- The express statement by the enrolled provider.
- Disqualification under Section 100 of the Government Contracts Act.
- Lack of interest by the Administration to continue contracting the good or service.
- Failure to meet quality standards indicated in Administration regulations or technical standards issued by the competent bodies (applicable to
Administrative Economic Claim: Process and Competent Courts
Administrative Economic Claim: Characteristics
Economic management is handled via the ordinary course of administrative review for tax matters, constituting the administrative channels that must be exhausted prior to judicial recourse. The characteristics of this economic-administrative appeal are:
- It is an administrative appeal, specific to the subject matter and the competent bodies, inspired by a judicial model.
- The Economic-Administrative Courts are competent to substantiate these claims. They
Legal Foundations: Common Law, Statutes, and Agency Regulation
Legal Principles and Sources of Law Assessment
True/False Questions on Legal Foundations
The doctrine of stare decisis, though vital to the creation of the common law when this country was settled, is not important to our modern, complex society.
Answer: False
ANS:F PTS:1 MSC:AACSB Analytic
While at the park, Tasha saw a small child fall into the lake. Tasha did not know the child. Under the common law of most states, Tasha has a legal duty to take reasonable steps to assist the child if Tasha is able
India’s Right to Information Act: Transparency, Governance, and Accountability
The phrase “OSA to RTI revolution” refers to the significant shift from the Official Secrets Act (OSA) to the Right to Information (RTI) Act in India, marking a transition from governmental secrecy to public transparency.
The Shift to Transparency: OSA to RTI Revolution
The Official Secrets Act (OSA) of 1923
The OSA, enacted in 1923, was a colonial-era law that restricted access to information, emphasizing secrecy and confidentiality.
- Restrictive: It severely limited public access to government information.
Foundations and Theories of Public International Law
History of International Law
Origins of International Law
International law does not exist in a vacuum – shaped by historical context and key events.
Early interactions between communities (trade, war) created customary rules.
Ancient traces: Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, China, Greece.
Foundational Thinkers (15th–17th C.)
Francisco de Vitoria – Indigenous peoples’ inherent sovereignty and property rights.
Francisco Suarez – Jus gentium (law of nations); right to rebellion.
Alberico Gentili – Secularized