Spanish Company Legal Structures & Requirements
Understanding Spanish Company Legal Forms
Choosing the right legal structure is crucial. Key factors include the number of partners, liability exposure, minimum equity requirements, and tax implications.
Company Types Overview
- Sole Proprietorship
- Partnerships:
- Commercial Partnerships:
- Collective Partnership
- Limited Partnership (Sociedad Comanditaria)
- Limited Liability Company (Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada)
- Public Limited Company (Sociedad Anónima)
- Worker-Owned Company (Sociedad Laboral)
- Cooperative
- Commercial Partnerships:
Understanding the UN: Purposes, Powers, and Principles
UN’s Core Functions: Powers, Principles, and Purposes
- The United Nations is the only international organization with clear universal and general purposes.
- Its primary purpose is maintaining international peace and security through measures like the Security Council.
- Article 2.6 states that “States” not members of the UN must respect the Charter of San Francisco regarding international peace and security. This isn’t an international treaty, as those only bind member states.
Article 103 states that “if
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Spanish Legal Sources and Hierarchy
National Laws
- Organic Law: Governs the development of fundamental rights and public liberties. Requires an absolute majority in the Congress of Deputies for approval.
- Ordinary Law: Approved by Parliament (requiring a simple majority in Congress). Organic and Ordinary laws are not hierarchically superior to each other but apply to different subject matters.
- Legislative Decrees: Issued by the government, consolidating existing rules based on parliamentary delegation.
Understanding Ordinary Law: Types, Application, and State vs. Regional Law
Understanding Ordinary Law
Overview and Types
Ordinary law is the generic and residual model of law:
- An act of the General Courts, typically emanating from a solemn process following the ordinary legislative procedure.
- Also produced by the autonomous Parliament within its jurisdiction.
State Common Law
State common law includes:
- Laws of Delegation: Through which the Parliament may delegate to the Government the power to issue a legislative decree in the form of a text of articles or merged texts.
- Basic
Understanding Public Contracts: Elements, Procedures, and Termination
Understanding Public Contracts
A contract is any agreement that creates obligations. In the context of public contracts:
- Subject: An end for a public legal entity.
- Object: The contract should be conducted for the organization or operation of a public service.
- Special Legal Regime: Governed by specific rules.
- Form: Usually formalized through an administrative document.
- Jurisdiction: Disputes are resolved in contentious-administrative courts.
Classes of Contracts
- Administrative contracts
- Direct object contracts
- Mixed
Understanding Census Declarations, Taxes, and Business Activities
Census Declaration and Tax Implications
A census declaration serves multiple functions. For example, legal entities can apply for a Tax Identification Number (TIN) through this form. It also informs the tax office of all economic activities, affecting the Economic Activity Tax (IAE), Income Tax, Individual Income Tax, and Value Added Tax (VAT).
Personal Income Tax and Census Declaration
Estimating Yields of Trade or Business Activities
Yields can often be determined objectively by applying specific
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