Subjunctive and Imperative Moods in Latin Grammar

Subjunctive Mood

The subjunctive is a mood used to express an action that exists in thought and the subjective attitude of the person speaking. It conveys desire, exhortation, supposition, doubt, possibility, and unreality. It’s used especially in the construction of subordinate clauses. The tenses of the subjunctive mood are the present and imperfect, and their perfect tenses are the present perfect and pluperfect.

  • Amo, -as, -are: Present = amem, Imperfect = amarem, Present Perfect = amaverim, Pluperfect
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Adverbial Clauses: Types and Functions in Sentences

Adverbial Clauses: Types and Functions

Remember that the difference between a proposition and a sentence is that propositions have lost their functional independence, both grammatically and semantically, because they depend on another sentence. Thus, just as we speak of adjective or noun propositions under the unit engaging with the noun or the verb respectively, and functioning equivalently to the adjective or the noun, we also use adverbial propositions to refer to those that are interchangeable

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Essential Morphosyntactical Elements of English

Essential Morphosyntactical Elements of the English Language

Morphology vs. Syntax

Morphosyntax moves between two essential units: the minor unit called a word and the major unit called a sentence. Let’s now look at both.

The Word

Words are formed by two essential elements:

  • Lexemes (the root or invariable part).
  • Morphemes (inflections of gender, number, mode, etc.).

The Formation of Words

Morphology recognizes two main fields through which words have been modified or formed:

  • Inflection refers to the form
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Phonetics, Phonology, Morphology, and Semantics in Spanish

Phonetics and Phonology

Phonetics

Phonetics is the study of sound production. The units of study are:

  • Brackets: Represent the minimal articulatory organs involved.
  • Ablation phenomena: The study of how sounds are produced.

Phonology

Phonology is the study of phonemes. A phoneme is the minimum unit differentiating meaning.

  • Bars: Represent the traits studied.

The Spanish Phonological System

The Spanish phonological system consists of 24 phonemes, which can be divided into two subsystems:

  • Vowels: 5 vowel sounds
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