Nouns and Adjectives: Types, Functions, and Structures
Nouns: Types, Functions, and Constituents
Types of Nouns
Common Nouns: These group beings and objects with the same characteristics.
- Concrete Nouns: Refer to objects that have a real existence and are perceived by the senses.
- Individual: Designates singular beings or objects, or plural, which can be individualized (e.g., the chair, the car).
- Collective: Designates singular beings, yet are mainly perceived as a unit (e.g., military, school).
- Abstract Nouns: Do not refer to concrete objects; they are only
Semantic Fields, Linguistic Registers, and Modalization in Text
Semantic Fields in Text
Words within the same semantic field are those that:
- Have a relationship of meaning and
- Share the same grammatical category.
In the text, we see terms belonging to a main semantic field _________. This is seen in the words …
The author may use these words and others belonging to another semantic field because, as it follows the theme of the text, the author is trying to convey …
In addition, there are words from other semantic fields …
Linguistic Registers
The register refers
Read MoreTypes of Propositions and Their Functions in Sentences
Coordinated Copulative Propositions
Coordinated copulative propositions combine their meanings.
Links: y (and), e (and), ni (nor).
Disjunctive Propositions
Disjunctive propositions are joined by expressing alternative actions that cannot be given at the same time.
Links: o (or), u (or).
Distributive Propositions
Distributive propositions present actions that occur alternately but are not excluded.
Links: ya … ya (now … now), bien … bien (either … or), uno … otro (one … another).
Adversative Propositions
One
Read MoreMastering Catalan Pronouns and Sentence Structure
Read MoreCatalan Weak Pronouns: Syntax and Function
1. Function of Weak Pronouns
Weak pronouns replace a syntactical element that would perform the same function.
Direct Object (CD) Pronouns
- Defined: el, la, los, las
- Indefinite: en
- Neuter: ho
- Always have a defined article (or demonstrative or possessive).
- Are non-permanent.
- The neuter pronouns are in *this* or *that* or subordinate clauses.
- When the CD refers to the 1st person: me, us; when the 2nd person: and you; when the 3rd person: se.
Indirect Object (CI) Pronouns
- The
Understanding Adverbs, Prepositions, Conjunctions, Nouns, and Adjectives
Adverbs
- Semantics: Adverbs provide words that accompany different notions, such as time.
- Deictic: Adverbs allude to a reality situated in time or space in relation to a particular benchmark.
- Anaphora: If indexicals are characterized by extra-linguistic reference, adverbs refer to a reference within their own linguistic context.
Morphology
Adverbs are characterized as unchanged linguistic units, not admitting any flexion of gender and number. They accept derivational morphemes and grade.
- Derivational Morphemes:
Understanding Spanish Grammar: Verbs, Phrases, and Clauses
Reflexive and Reciprocal Verbs
Reflexive: The subject performs the same action on themselves. In this case, the direct object (CD) and indirect object (CI) will replace the subject as the object of the action (SE). Reciprocal: The plural subject performs the action mutually. For example, “They groom and kiss each other.”
Pronominal Verbs
A pronominal verb is combined with a pronoun. When the pronoun is suppressed or changed, the meaning may change. However, it cannot always be combined in the third
Read More