Oceanic Heat Flux, Biogeochemistry, and Circulation Dynamics

Oceanic Heat Flux and Energy Balance

Heat flux (W/m²) components include short-wave radiation, long-wave radiation, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux. Short-wave radiation is the dominant heat source, strongest in summer and dependent on cloud cover. Latent heat flux, the largest sink, is proportional to evaporation and strongest in winter. Net heat flux increases with latitude and varies seasonally. The formula H=Q/A, where Q=ρCpT, describes heat flux. Salinity seasonality reflects the

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