Understanding Medical Science: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
Medical science aims to cure or prevent disease.
Preventive Medicine
Preventive medicine focuses on disease prevention through healthy lifestyles and habits.
Medical Care
Medical care involves early diagnosis and timely treatment.
Medical Social Support
Medical social support focuses on recovery and rehabilitation.
Palliative Medicine
Palliative medicine aims to improve the welfare of chronically ill patients and their families.
Diagnostic Tests and Solutions
Diagnostic tests include analysis, biopsy, endoscopy,
Read MoreBiomedical Measurement Techniques: Pressure, Flow, and ECG
Direct Blood Pressure Measurement
This method involves inserting a tube or catheter directly into the blood vessel. The catheter is connected to a blood pressure transducer, which generates a corresponding electrical signal. This method is classified into two types:
- Extra-vascular pressure sensor
- Intra-vascular pressure sensor
Indirect Blood Pressure Measurement
In this method, external pressure is applied to the artery using an instrument called a sphygmomanometer. There are two main techniques:
- Palpatory
Medical Diagnostic Tests: ECG, Glucometer, MRI, EEG, X-Rays, PET, Ultrasound
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
An electrocardiogram is a painless test that records the electrical activity of the heart. You will be asked to lie down while a healthcare provider attaches small electrodes to your chest. These electrodes are connected by wires to a machine that turns the heart’s electrical signals into wavy lines, which are printed on paper.
These signals show three parameters: P wave, QRS complex, and ST segment. The size of these parameters and the distance between them can reflect:
- Damage
Blood Tests: Methods, Analysis, and Safety
Tests on Blood Cells
Blood tests commonly analyze:
- Red blood cells (RBC): 4.5-5.5 million
- White blood cells (WBC): 6,000-10,000
- Blood platelets: 200,000-800,000
Centrifugal Method
By spinning blood in a centrifuge, blood cells sediment at the bottom of the test tube. Most of this column consists of red blood cells, with other cells forming a thin, buffy layer on top. The volume of packed red cells is expressed as a percentage of the total blood volume.
Conductivity (Coulter) Method
This method uses the
Read MoreElectric Current Effects on the Human Body
Physiological Phenomena Caused by Electric Current
From 1 to 3 mA: perception. Sensitivity or threshold of 10 to 15 mA: tetanization or contraction of the muscles of the hand and arm, close to 25 mA extends to the thoracic muscles. A box from 50 mA: Atrial heart. What Happens to Time Above and Below 150 ms? For times below 150 ms, no risk, if the intensity does not exceed 300 times higher mA. For 150 ms, no risk, if the intensity does not exceed 30 mA. Sequence of the Effects on the Body Produced
Read MoreMedical Tests, Procedures, and Equipment: A Comprehensive Look
Blood Tests
Tests on Blood Cells:
- Red blood cells (RBC) – 4.5-5.5 million
- White blood cells (WBC) – 6,000-10,000
- Blood platelets – 200,000-800,000
Centrifugal Method
By spinning blood in a centrifuge, the blood cells can be sedimented at the bottom of the test tube. Most of this column consists of the red blood cells, with the other cells forming a thin, buffy layer on top of the red cells. The volume of the packed red cells is expressed as a percentage of the total blood volume.