Introduction to Probability and Statistical Inference
Chapter 12-15: Probability
Definitions
– A phenomenon is random if individual outcomes are uncertain but there is a predictable behavior in a large number of repetitions (random = haphazard).
– The probability of any outcome is the proportion of times the outcome would occur in a very long (infinitely long) series of repetitions.
– Repetitions, or trials, are said to be independent if the outcome of one trial does not affect the outcome of another.
Operations on Events
– The intersection of two
Read MoreStatistics: A Comprehensive Guide to Data Analysis and Interpretation
Introduction
Statistics is the branch of mathematics that deals with the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data. It provides tools and methods to understand patterns and trends, make decisions, and draw conclusions from data.
Sampling
Sampling in statistics refers to the process of selecting a subset of individuals or items from a larger population to estimate characteristics of the whole population. Different sampling methods are used depending on the research
Read MoreUnderstanding GAAP vs. IFRS: Key Differences and Financial Concepts
Presentación para trabajar
I Keydy Viera, I dare say that I am suitable for the position because I like team work, I am always dedicated to what I propose. I worked in SII as an External Auditor and studied an audit at the Duoc Uc. I find myself wanting to work immediately.
FASB (USE GAAP RULES STANDARDS, USA) AND IASB (IFRS RULES, INTERNATIONAL, around the world)
GAAP stands for Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, recording and reporting financial information.
IFRS stands for International Financial
Read MoreNumerical Methods: A Comprehensive Guide to Algorithms and Techniques
Floating Point Representation
Floating point representation is a method used to represent real numbers in a way that can accommodate a wide range of values. It expresses numbers in the form ±𝑚×2𝑒, where 𝑚 is the mantissa (or significand), 𝑒 is the exponent, and the base is typically 2 in binary systems. Floating point numbers can represent very large or very small values but with a trade-off in precision. The precision depends on the number of bits allocated to the mantissa, while the
Read MoreConcepts in Artificial Intelligence and Logic
Probabilistic Reasoning
Definition
Probabilistic reasoning is a method used in artificial intelligence to handle uncertainty by quantifying the likelihood of different outcomes or events based on available evidence and prior knowledge.
Probabilistic Models
Probabilistic reasoning involves using probabilistic models, such as Bayesian networks or Markov models, to represent and reason about uncertain situations. These models capture dependencies between variables and assign probabilities to different
Read MoreStatistics Fundamentals: Sampling, Probability, and Hypothesis Testing
Populations, Samples, and Parameters
A population encompasses all items (data) relevant to a study, while a sample is a subset drawn from this population. A parameter describes a population characteristic, whereas a statistic describes a sample characteristic.
Conducting a census (surveying the entire population) can be expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, sampling methods are employed.
Types of Sampling Plans
- Simple Random Sampling: Every possible sample of the same size has an equal chance of