Analysis of Cointegration and Error Correction Models
In-Class Exercise 7
Question 1
This question helps to familiarize with the analysis of cointegration and error correction models. The dataset we are using is forex.csv, which can be downloaded from Moodle.
Part 1: Using Eviews for Analysis
First, load the file into Eviews. To get a sense of the data over the sampling period, highlight and open the two series spotrate and forwardrate. Then choose View -> Graph and click OK.
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Clearly, the two series show some trending behavior, and they seldom
Read MoreFinancial Statement Analysis: Ratios & Explanatory Notes
Financial Statement Analysis
Explanatory Notes to Financial Statements
1. What should be done to ensure a valid comparison of two balance sheet items?
The CPI for the previous year’s balance sheet should be applied to make comparisons in real terms over the current year.
2. What is the purpose of the Explanatory Notes to the Financial Statements and when are they most relevant?
The explanatory notes are an essential complement to the financial statements. They provide context and background information,
Read MoreData Visualization: An Overview and Practical Guide
Data Visualization Overview
Important Factors When Designing a Visualization
Goal/Purpose: This is usually determined before starting.
- Data (What?): What data will be used?
- Audience (Who?): Who is the visualization for?
- Types of Visualization (How?): How will the data be visualized?
Tools for Visualization
- Tableau: Extremely user-friendly, similar to PowerPoint.
- D3.js: JavaScript framework for manipulating SVG objects, used for programming visualizations.
- Python: Python Notebook and Matplotlib are popular
Project Financial Analysis
Reinvestment Balance
| Investment | Year 2 | Year 4 | Year 5 | Year 6 | Year 8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Machine Cable (Unbraided) | 361.4 | ||||
| Metal Cutting Machine | |||||
| Metal Machine Blades | 132.5 | 132.5 | |||
| Precision Tools | |||||
| Crane Fork | 1116.4 | ||||
| Atril | |||||
| Truck (Luv 1600 cc) | 373.9 | 373.6 | |||
| Truck (Kamaz) | 1455.3 | ||||
| Basic Tools (General) | 130.3 | 130.3 | |||
| Other Minor Expenses | |||||
| Total Reinvestment Balance | 373.9 | 262.8 | 1816.7 | 1490 |
4.13.4 – Balance of Personnel
The cost of labor is one of the main items of the operating costs of a project. The relative importance they have within them will depend, inter alia,
Read MoreUnderstanding Academic Sources and Citations: A Comprehensive Guide
Understanding Academic Sources and Citations
Part I: Identifying Correct Citations
Example 1:
“In the argument culture, criticism, attack, or opposition are the predominant if not the only ways of responding to people or ideas” (Tannen 7).
Identify the correct parenthetical citation for this source:
Tannen, Deborah. The Argument Culture. Toronto: Random House, 1998.
Answer: (Tannen 7)
Example 2:
“Before mid-millennium, Gen Xers will be the CEOs of the future” (Brundage and Lahey 103).
Identify the correct
Read MoreCost Accounting Systems: A Comprehensive Guide
Cost Accounting Systems
Definition
Costing systems are accounting models used to determine the unit cost of production. These systems are essential for valuing inventories and utilities.
Objective
- Allocate costs to departments for planning and control.
- Allocate costs to units of the product to determine the cost of the product.
Features
- Multiple systems exist, with varying degrees of subjectivity.
- Purpose depends on the analysis (short-term or long-term decisions).
Prerequisites
- Understanding of the enterprise’