ANOVA, Chi-Square, and Non-Parametric Statistics: A Comprehensive Guide

Between: each participant goes through a level of the IV. 2-way participants exposed to one level or both IVs, 3-way etc..

Within (repeated measures): all participants exposed to all levels and combinations


1-way ANOVA (1 iv and 1 outcome/dv) : null= means are the same (same as t-test) Exp /omnibus/=they differ

 You can manipulate more than one independent variable
and is an extension of t-test.
 Pairwise t-tests can’t look at several independent variables
and inflate the Type I error rate. (FW

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A Deep Dive into Subspaces, Vector Spaces, and Their Applications in Linear Algebra

What is a Subspace of R^n?

A set U of vectors in R^n is called a subspace of R^n if it satisfies the following properties:

  1. The zero vector 0-> ∈ U.
  2. If x-> ∈ U and y-> ∈ U, then x->+y-> ∈ U.
  3. If x-> ∈ U, then ax-> ∈ U for every real number a.

Any subspace of R^n other than {0} or R^n is called a proper subspace.

Why is a Plane Through the Origin a Subspace of R^3?

Every plane M through the origin in R^3 has equation ax + by + cz = 0 where a, b, and c are not all zero. Here

n-

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Determinants, Eigenvalues, and Linear Dynamical Systems in Linear Algebra

Determinants and Invertibility

What is the Determinant of a Matrix?

The determinant of a matrix is a scalar value that provides information about the matrix’s invertibility. Only square matrices have determinants.

Calculating Determinants

For a 2×2 matrix A = [a b; c d], the determinant is calculated as det(A) = ad – bc.

For 3×3 matrices and larger, methods like cofactor expansion or row reduction are used.

Determinants and Row Operations

Elementary row operations affect the determinant as follows:

  • Interchanging
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Understanding Asset Management: A Comprehensive Guide

Defining Asset Management

Administration, derived from the Latin terms ad-minister (“to serve”) and ad manus trahere (“to manage”), is crucial for the effective functioning of organizations. It involves the efficient management of both tangible and intangible resources to achieve desired goals. People, money, technology, and even time can be considered resources depending on the context.

The Importance of Resource Management

Effective resource allocation ensures optimal operational efficiency. Various

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Statistics Cheat Sheet: Key Concepts and Formulas

Variables and Confounding

Types of Variables

Numerical (Measurable):

  • Continuous (Range): Values can fall within a range.
  • Discrete (Limited Value): Values have specific, limited possibilities.

Categorical:

  • Nominal (Unordered): Categories have no inherent order.
  • Ordinal (Ordered): Categories have a natural order.

Confounding Variables

A confounding variable is associated with both the explanatory and response variables, potentially influencing the observed relationship between them. It is not a consequence

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Accounting Concepts and Transactions

Bank’s Cash Balance:             Company’s Cash Balance:           – Gross profit = net sales revenue – cost of goods sold 

+ Deposits outstanding          + Notes received by bank                   – Initial Inventory + Purchased Inventory – Ending Inventory = COGS                        

– Checks outstanding              + Interest received

                                                    – Unrecorded payments     

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