Nursing Essentials: Infection Control, Mobility, Diabetes Care
Infection Control and Prevention
Normal Flora Location and Function
- Location: Skin, mouth, intestines, respiratory tract, and genital tract.
- Function: Helps prevent overgrowth of harmful microorganisms.
Patient Education on Antibiotics
- Complete the full course to prevent antibiotic resistance.
- Do not use antibiotics for viral infections (e.g., colds, influenza).
- Take with or without food based on prescription instructions.
- Report any allergic reactions (e.g., rash, itching, swelling).
Body’s Chemical Barriers
- Skin
Human Diet Evolution: From Ancient Ancestors to Modern Health Challenges
The Evolution of Human Diet: From Ancient Ancestors to Modern Health
Early Human Diet and Evolution
- “In the history of humanity, diet has been the strongest evolutionary factor.”
- Initially, the human diet was based solely on fruit. Over time, humans began adding other plant foods such as roots and nuts, which promoted changes in human development, including the evolution of teeth and mastication mechanics.
- Humans also developed cultural strategies, such as using stones to crack nuts and producing sharp
Histology Sample Fixation: Principles and Methods
Fixation is the first step of any histological and cytological laboratory technique. It is the process by which the cells in the tissue are fixed in a chemical and physical state, and all biochemical and proteolytic activities within the cells are prevented, allowing the cells or tissues to resist morphological change, distortion, or decomposition after subsequent treatment with various reagents.
Aims of Histological Fixation
- To preserve the tissue as close to its living state as possible.
- To prevent
Hemophilia: Causes, Types, Treatments, and Genetic Diagnosis
Understanding Hemophilia
Hemophilia is a genetic disorder linked to the X chromosome, characterized by the blood’s inability to clot properly. It leads to internal and external bleeding due to a partial deficiency of specific clotting proteins, known as antihemophilic globulin or coagulation factors.
How Blood Clotting Works
Coagulation factors are a group of proteins responsible for activating the clotting process. There are 13 identified factors (I, II, …, XIII; Factor IV has not been assigned)
Read MoreUnderstanding Drug Classifications and Their Impact
Sociological Classification: Legal drugs: alcohol, tobacco, caffeine. Drugs with possible illegal use: hypnotics, tranquilizers, amphetamines, inhalants. Illegal drugs: opiates, cocaine, cannabis, hallucinogens. Dangerousness Sorted by WHO: 4 groups:
- Group 1: opium and its derivatives.
- Group 2: tranquilizers and alcohol.
- Group 3: cocaine and amphetamines.
- Group 4: LSD, cannabis, etc.
More dangerous: those that produce physical dependence, create dependence faster, and have the greatest toxicity. Less
Read MorePharmacy Fundamentals: Products, Skin Health, and Grammar Basics
English Language Fundamentals
Present Simple Tense
- Usage: Everyday actions, sometimes, always, never, often.
- Structure: He/She/It + verb + ‘s’.
- Questions: Do/Does…?
- Negatives: Don’t/Doesn’t.
Present Continuous Tense
- Usage: Actions happening now, right now, at the moment.
- Structure: Verb ‘to be’ + verb + ‘-ing’.
- Questions: Are you…?
- Negatives: Aren’t/Isn’t + verb + ‘-ing’.
Prepositions of Place
- On: Encima (on top of)
- In front of: En frente (in front of)
- Behind: Detrás (behind)
- Above: Por encima (above, not