Diabetes Mellitus: Types, Complications, and Treatment
Diabetes Mellitus
Role of Glucose
Glucose is the primary source of cellular energy. Most cells can utilize free fatty acids as an alternative energy source, but the brain, retina, and a few other tissues rely solely on glucose. Homeostatic mechanisms maintain glucose levels to prevent hypoglycemia. Excess blood glucose can lead to dehydration.
Insulin and glucagon play crucial roles in glucose metabolism and regulation. Low blood sugar stimulates glucagon secretion, while high glucose levels stimulate
Read MoreHistory and Process of Nursing Care
History of Nursing
Prehistory
Nomadic lifestyle with organization in clans or tribes. Division of labor: men hunted, women cared for children, elderly, and sick. Knowledge transmitted orally through generations. Supernatural beliefs about illness and healing with herbs and medicinal plants.
Ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt
Settlements and the development of writing led to more accurate medical records. Supernatural beliefs about illness persisted. Doctor-priests provided treatment, including minor surgeries
Read MoreRational Drug Use and Pharmacology Guide
Rational Drug Use and Pharmacology
What is Rational Drug Use?
Rational drug use means patients receive medications appropriate to their needs, with the correct dosage based on their individual characteristics, for the appropriate duration. Several factors influence the journey of a drug from development to the pharmacy, including economic conditions.
Drug Development Process
The discovery of new drugs, whether through individual pioneers or pharmaceutical company research programs, begins with targeted
Read MoreWork, Health, and Occupational Hazards
Work and Health
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. It includes three aspects:
- Physical health: Related to bodily integrity.
- Mental health: Indicative of emotional balance.
- Social health: It alludes to positive relationships with others.
Basics of Occupational Risk Prevention
Prevention means all activities or actions taken or planned in all phases of a company’s activity to avoid
Read MoreUnderstanding Cancer: Types, Symptoms, and Risk Factors
What is Cancer?
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. If left untreated, these cells can form tumors that spread throughout the body and potentially lead to death. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing serious consequences.
What is a Tissue?
Tissues are groups of organized cells that work together to perform specific functions.
What is a Tumor?
A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting in an increased volume. Tumors can be
Read MoreUnderstanding Disability Benefits and Occupational Diseases
1. Disability Cases at Ceramics SA
Peter, John, and Oriol, three workers at Ceramics SA of similar age and tenure, experience strong pain in their right shoulders. Despite the same symptoms, their cases differ:
- Peter: Suffered a work-related injury when a package fell on his shoulder.
- John: Regularly carries a heavy, vibrating polishing machine, impacting his shoulders.
- Oriol: Practices gymnastics with a focus on shoulder exercises in his free time.