Understanding Burn Injuries: Types, Treatment, and Recovery
Burns: Classification and Types
Burns are classified according to the depth and size of the burn:
- 1st degree (superficial): Affects only the outer layer of skin.
- 2nd degree (partial-thickness): Damages the top two layers of skin. Healing time is typically 2-3 weeks.
- 3rd degree (full-thickness): Extends through all skin layers and may involve fatty tissue.
- 4th degree: Damages skin, fat, muscle, and even bone. These burns require extensive treatment, often result in severe scarring, and cause loss of normal
Pharmacology Essentials: Systems and Drug Actions
Introduction to Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the branch of medical science that studies drugs, their actions, interactions, and effects on the human body. It is divided into two main areas:
- Pharmacokinetics – How the body affects a drug (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion).
- Pharmacodynamics – How a drug affects the body (mechanism of action, therapeutic effects, and side effects).
Pharmacokinetics (ADME Process)
- Absorption – How a drug enters the bloodstream (e.g., oral, intravenous,
Febrile Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, and Management
Febrile syndrome is characterized by an abnormal elevation of body temperature, typically above 36.9°C (axillary) or 37.2°C (oral), due to a pathological condition. Fever is confirmed by a thermometer; however, in its absence, touching the patient’s back or chest with the back of the hand can indicate fever.
Key Physiological Aspects
- Hypothalamic Thermoregulation: The body’s temperature regulation center is located in the hypothalamus.
- Pyrogens: Endogenous pyrogens (e.g., cytokines) or exogenous
COVID-19 Impact: Health, Hospitals & Dermopharmacy
COVID-19 Vocabulary and Impact
COVID-19 has significantly altered our lives. Strict measures were implemented to prevent infection. One of the first measures was the lockdown, restricting us to our homes except for essential needs. Social distancing became crucial to minimize contagion, and wearing a mask became mandatory, a new everyday accessory whenever we went outside. The situation was overwhelming for everyone. Despite everything, it has also helped us to make the best of ourselves and learn.
Read MoreFast Food, Meal Timing, Sugar, and Racism: A Modern Analysis
Fast Food Consumption: Benefits and Drawbacks
Nowadays, many people choose to eat fast food without considering the benefits and disadvantages. While there are many medical studies on this subject, discrepancies exist.
Advantages of Fast Food
One the one hand, eating fast food is quite advantageous for people who can’t eat at home because of work. They see eating at fast-food places as a good option. Also, the prices of these meals are very low, so many people can afford them.
Disadvantages of Fast
Read MoreChronic Pain and Diabetes: Symptoms, Types, and Management
Chronic Pain
Pain is defined as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage.” It is always subjective, and each person learns the application of the word through experiences related to injury in early life. For example, individuals with conditions like leprosy may not be able to feel pain.
Acute vs. Chronic Pain
- Acute Pain: A warning signal that something is wrong (e.g., touching a hot stove). Its aversive