Understanding Cancer: Types, Symptoms, and Risk Factors
What is Cancer?
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. If left untreated, these cells can form tumors that spread throughout the body and potentially lead to death. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing serious consequences.
What is a Tissue?
Tissues are groups of organized cells that work together to perform specific functions.
What is a Tumor?
A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting in an increased volume. Tumors can be
Read MoreUnderstanding Disability Benefits and Occupational Diseases
1. Disability Cases at Ceramics SA
Peter, John, and Oriol, three workers at Ceramics SA of similar age and tenure, experience strong pain in their right shoulders. Despite the same symptoms, their cases differ:
- Peter: Suffered a work-related injury when a package fell on his shoulder.
- John: Regularly carries a heavy, vibrating polishing machine, impacting his shoulders.
- Oriol: Practices gymnastics with a focus on shoulder exercises in his free time.
a) Are these situations causing disability? If so,
Read MoreOccupational Risk Prevention: A Comprehensive Guide
Occupational Risk Prevention
Introduction
All work carries some inherent risks. Companies and workers must take proactive measures to prevent and protect against these risks, effectively controlling or eliminating them.
Accidents can have severe consequences for both workers and businesses. Therefore, understanding the key aspects of occupational risk prevention is crucial.
Definition of Risk Prevention
Risk prevention encompasses a set of activities aimed at avoiding accidents and occupational diseases.
Read MoreDigestive System Diseases: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis
Digestive System Diseases
Esophagus
Achalasia
Achalasia is characterized by the inability of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax during swallowing. This leads to disorganized esophageal peristalsis and prevents food from reaching the stomach, potentially causing megaesophagus.
Clinical Presentation: Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), retrosternal pain, regurgitation.
Stomach
Gastritis
Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa that can be acute or chronic.
Acute Gastritis
Acute gastritis develops
Read MoreEnglish Phonetics: Sounds, Symbols & Articulation
English Phonetics
Vowel Sounds
A (r), er, ear, al, au:
- Ae, a
ɜ: ir, er, ear, ur, or, our:
- ʌ, u (between 2 consonants), or, or, oo
i: ee, eo, ie, ei, and:
- e, e, o, u
ɔ: or, ore, oor, aw, oar, or ours:
- E-Schaw
u: oo, u, or, or, ew, ue, ui, oe:
- i, e, and
Others the, au, or:
- U.S. u, oo, or
Diphthongs:
- ai: a + i (e, i, ie, is, uy, eye)
- au: a + u (or, ow)
- ei: e + i (ei, ai, ai, a (between comfort and seguida of and (shwa) – (are, ear, air, ere))
- əu: (shwa + u.corta) – (a, oa, oe, ow, ou)
- iə: (i.breve + shwa) – (eer,
Health and Disease: Understanding the Determinants and Indicators
Health and Disease
What is Health?
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1948, health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. This definition provides a holistic view of health, emphasizing its positive aspects and extending beyond the physical realm.
Advantages of the WHO definition:
- Comprehensive: Encompasses physical, mental, and social aspects.
- Positive: Focuses on well-being rather than just the absence of