Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) & Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): Research & Clinical Implications
Abstracts: HGF and HCC
This document compiles research abstracts exploring the complex relationship between Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). HGF, a potent mitogen for hepatocytes, exhibits paradoxical effects in HCC, influencing tumor growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis. The compiled studies delve into the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects, highlighting the role of the c-Met receptor and various signaling pathways.
Research Findings
The research presented
Read MoreJuvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA): Diagnosis, Treatment, and Related Conditions
Examination of a Child with Rheumatic Diseases
I. Medical History
- Pain (7 Questions)
- Predisposing Factors
- Trauma
- Fever/Rashes
- Weight Loss
- Abdominal Pain
- Eye Damage
II. Physical Exam
- Blood Pressure
- Skin
- Eyes
III. Lab Tests
IV. Radiology (X-ray/Ultrasound)
| Benign | Severe |
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Diagnosis Criteria for JIA
- Duration of 6 weeks
Subtypes:
- Systemic
- Oligoarthritis (Persistent/
Commonly Prescribed Medications
Brand Name | Generic Name | Condition Treated | Drug Class | Available Dosage Forms | Typical Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Concerta | Methylphenidate | ADHD | Stimulant | 18, 27, 36, 54 mg | QAM |
Nasonex | Mometasone (Nasal) | Allergic Rhinitis | Corticosteroid | 50 mcg/spray | QD |
Nasacort AQ | Triamcinolone (Nasal) | Allergic Rhinitis | Corticosteroid | 55 mcg/ACT | QD |
Imdur | Isosorbide Mononitrate | Angina Pectoris | Nitrate | 30, 60, 120 mg | BID |
Xanax | Alprazolam | Anxiety | Benzodiazepine | 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 mg | TID |
Klonopin | Clonazepam | Anxiety | Benzodiazepine | 0.5, 1, 2 mg | BID (AM & PM) |
Ativan | Lorazepam | Anxiety | Benzodiazepine | 0. |
Pediatric Conditions: Diagnosis and Treatment
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in Children
Diagnosis: 4 out of 11 criteria are sufficient for diagnosis in children. Common symptoms include cutaneous lupus, oral/nasal ulcers, arthritis, serositis, renal symptoms, neurological disorders, hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia.
Immunological Findings: Positive ANA, anti-DNA, anti-Sm, antiphospholipid antibodies, high ESR and CRP, low complement (C3 and C4), and direct Coombs test.
Infective Endocarditis (IE)
Risk Factors: History of
Read MoreUnderstanding and Managing Challenging Patients in Healthcare
Unmotivated Patients
Unmotivated patients lack the desire or motivation to engage in treatment. This can be due to various factors, including:
- Lack of understanding or belief in the treatment
- Fear or anxiety about the treatment process
- Depression or other mental health conditions
- External factors such as lack of support or resources
Approaches for Unmotivated Patients
Children:
- Decisions regarding treatment may involve parents, legal guardians, or the court system.
- A multidisciplinary team approach is often
Prostate Cancer: Etiology, Clinical Presentation, and Diagnosis
Prostate Cancer: Introduction
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men, after lung cancer. It is a malignancy that develops in the prostate gland, a small organ located below the bladder that produces seminal fluid.
Etiology
The exact cause of prostate cancer is unknown, but several risk factors have been identified, including:
- Age: The risk of prostate cancer increases with age.
- Race: African American men have a higher risk of prostate cancer than men of other races.
- Family history: