Spanish Literature of the 19th Century: Romanticism and Realism
Spanish Literature of the 19th Century
The Rise of the Bourgeoisie and the Industrial Revolution
The 19th century in Europe was a time of significant change, marked by the rise of the bourgeoisie, the Industrial Revolution, and the development of capitalism. This period saw a shift from a class-stratified society to a more dynamic and complex social structure.
Renaissance Trends and Milestones
Within the Renaissance period, two distinct trends emerged: the Romantic-liberal and the Traditionalist. These
Read MoreMartin Fierro: Analysis of the Gaucho Epic Poem
Martin Fierro: An Analysis
The Name
In a letter, the author explained to his daughter Elizabeth the origin of the character’s name. Martin was chosen in tribute to two figures: his uncle, Juan Martín de Avellaneda, and Martín Güemes. The surname Fierro symbolizes the hardening of iron, representing the resilience of the gaucho of the pampa.
The Play
While not solely an expression of Argentine folklore, Martin Fierro stands as a magnificent and unsurpassed example of folk literature, particularly
Read MoreRomantic Themes and Characterization in a 19th-Century Spanish Play
1. Romantic Themes in the Work
The main themes of the play are intertwined: love, revenge, and honor. Fate is a central theme, highlighted by the very title of the work. It’s evident that this fate is not benign; it’s persistent and powerful, intensified by the unique aspects of the play’s timeline. The extended timeframe and the drawn-out action emphasize the persistence of fate. Critics have interpreted this fate in various ways, attributing it to human error and social circumstances.
It seems that
Read MoreVictorian Literature: A Comprehensive Guide
Victorian Literature: An Overview
Introduction
Victorian literature encompasses the literary works produced during Queen Victoria’s reign (1837-1901), coinciding with the Victorian era. It serves as a bridge between the Romantic period’s writers and the distinct literature of the 20th century.
The Rise of the Novel
The 19th century witnessed the novel’s emergence as the dominant literary form in English. Pre-Victorian authors like Jane Austen and Walter Scott had refined social satire and adventure
Read More19th Century Romanticism in Spain: Art, Literature, and Social Change
1. The 19th Century: A Time of Transformation
Social and Cultural Shifts
The 19th century was a period of significant social and political upheaval, marked by major changes across all spheres of life. The old estate system gave way to a class-based society, with the bourgeoisie replacing the nobility and gaining considerable power, becoming known as the ‘aristocracy of money’. Population growth was substantial, particularly in cities where large industries were established.
This era saw the rise of
Read MoreGothic Literature: Origins, Themes, and Influence
Gothic Literature
Origins of the Term “Gothic”
The term “Gothic” emerged in the 17th century as a derogatory term, meaning barbarous and uncouth, in relation to the Goths (Germans). It was associated with being wild and destructive of classical civilization.
Evolution of the Term:
- Initially applied to the pointed arch in ecclesiastical architecture.
- Expanded to encompass any non-classical style, and eventually, almost anything medieval.
- In the early 18th century, “Gothic” signified irrationality and backwardness.