Gothic Literature: Origins, Themes, and Influence
Gothic Literature
Origins of the Term “Gothic”
The term “Gothic” emerged in the 17th century as a derogatory term, meaning barbarous and uncouth, in relation to the Goths (Germans). It was associated with being wild and destructive of classical civilization.
Evolution of the Term:
- Initially applied to the pointed arch in ecclesiastical architecture.
- Expanded to encompass any non-classical style, and eventually, almost anything medieval.
- In the early 18th century, “Gothic” signified irrationality and backwardness.
A Journey through Catalan Literature: From Modern Age to Renaissance
The Modern Age (15th-18th Centuries)
The Modern Age, spanning from the 15th to the end of the 18th century, witnessed significant advancements in European society across social, economic, and cultural spheres. This era encompasses the Renaissance, Baroque, Enlightenment, and Neoclassicism artistic movements.
The Baroque
The Baroque movement, prominent in Europe, particularly Spain and England, emerged during political, religious, economic, and cultural crises. Art and literature of this period often
Read More17th Century Theatre: Evolution, Genres, and National Stages
17th Century Theatre
Theatre’s Expanding Social Role
Theatre in the 17th century gained prominence, reflecting broader social changes. Humanistic ideals and dialogue, exemplified by Don Quixote and its critique of chivalric romances, shaped the era’s cultural landscape. Unlike picaresque narratives, theatre focused on ordinary characters in everyday settings, exploring various genres and incorporating audience interaction, particularly in the second part of Cervantes’ masterpiece.
Evolution from Medieval
Read MoreÀngel Guimerà: Life, Works, and Catalan Theater
Àngel Guimerà: A Biography
Early Life and Influences
Born in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, in 1845, Àngel Guimerà’s mother was of humble Canarian origin, while his father was a Catalan merchant. At the age of eight, the family relocated to El Vendrell, Catalonia. This move required young Guimerà to learn Catalan and adapt to a new culture. He began writing Spanish poetry at fourteen, expressing a longing for his birthplace. Eventually, he embraced Catalan language and culture, becoming
Spanish Romanticism: An Overview
Unit 2: The Romantic Movement
Introduction
Romanticism, a significant cultural, political, and vital movement, swept across Europe and America during the first half of the 19th century. Originating in Germany at the end of the 18th century, it reached its peak in Spain around the 1830s and 1840s.
The Essence of Romanticism
Romanticism arose from a deep dissatisfaction with bourgeois values and the perceived limitations of Enlightenment rationalism. It emphasized the importance of feelings and emotions,
Read More17th-Century Spanish Baroque: Politics, Society, Culture, and Poetry
1. 17th-Century Spain: An Overview
1.1 Political, Social, and Economic Aspects
Spain began the 17th century in decline, having lost significant territories and its European hegemony. Several factors contributed to this situation:
- Shift of Power: This period saw authoritarianism and the rise of validos (royal advisors with significant influence).
- Economic Crisis: Wars during Philip II’s reign and subsequent conflicts caused financial problems and state bankruptcy.
- Depopulation: Plague epidemics led to