Symbiosis, Parasites, and Zoonotic Diseases: An In-Depth Look
Symbiotic Relationships
- Mutualism: Both species benefit.
- Commensalism: One species benefits, and the other is unaffected.
- Parasitism: One species benefits, and the other is harmed.
The parasite and host usually live in balance. When this balance breaks, disease occurs.
Types of Parasites
- Helminth: Multicellular worm.
- Protozoa: Unicellular eukaryotes.
- Arthropods: Multi-jointed appendages.
- Cestodes: Segmented flatworms.
- Trematodes: Unsegmented flatworms.
Types of Zoonotic Diseases
- Direct Zoonosis: The way it
Understanding Parasites: Types, Transmission, and Impact on Humans
Indirect Defecation
Indirect defecation occurs when there is a prior maturation in the environment of eggs or larvae of the parasite, and then a child playing on the ground ingests them.
Parasite Pathogenicity
Mechanisms of parasite pathogenicity:
- Expoliatory or subtractive
- Obstructive and mechanical (pressure atrophy)
- Toxic
- Immunoallergic
- Inoculated or infectious
- Traumatic
- Necrotic and/or tissue lytic
Propagation and Dissemination of Parasites
Forms of resistance to the environment: These are generally infectious
Read MorePrinciples of Language Learning: Cognitive, Affective, and Linguistic Factors
**Teaching by Principles**
**Cognitive Principles: How Our Brain Processes and Assimilates Language**
Automaticity
This refers to the ability to use language automatically and subconsciously. Language is not useful unless it is used for communication. Learners acquire language subconsciously without analyzing its forms. They appear to learn languages without thinking about them.
Meaningful Learning
This is about making associations rather than just memorizing. It involves finding out what students are