Understanding Oral Discourse: Key Microskills and Cognitive Abilities

Understanding Oral Discourse: Key Microskills

Inferred while listening to acoustic strings and processing them, also getting information from other sources, are verbal: the situational context and the speaker. Looking at codes accompanying nonverbal cues (gestures, movements, clothing), their attitude, and also the situation, helps us to understand the overall meaning of the speech.

Holding Information for Comprehension

Certain elements of speech that the receiver considers important are stored for

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Enhancing Language Learning with Technology and Audiovisual Aids

Technological and Pedagogical Aspects of Audiovisual Materials

Our educational system emphasizes the importance of digital literacy. Primary education students should be introduced to the internet and multimedia tools. Foreign language teachers should use aids like flashcards, CDs, and computers to enhance teaching. This essay explores the use of new technologies and audiovisual techniques in foreign language instruction.

Visual Material

Visual aids bridge the gap between the real world and the classroom,

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Understanding Different Reading Types and Their Purposes

Understanding the Different Types of Reading

Criteria for Classifying Types of Reading

Why do different types of reading exist? What are the reasons? How are these reading types taught?

Different types of reading exist because reading is not a homogeneous activity with a single set of skills. Instead, it involves a diverse set of skills that are used in different ways depending on the situation. We read differently depending on the text we encounter. A primary distinction is made based on the objectives

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Language Teaching Methods: A Historical Perspective

Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching

  • Grammar-Translation Method (1849-1940)

    • The goal of foreign language is to learn a language in order to read its literature or to benefit from the mental discipline and intellectual development that result from foreign-language study.
    • Reading and writing are the major focus; little or no systematic attention is paid to speaking or listening.
    • Vocabulary selection is based solely on the reading texts uses, and words are taught through bilingual word lists, dictionary
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Language Learning Principles: Affective and Linguistic Factors

Language Learning Principles

Affective Principles

Affective principles: involve emotions, feelings about self, relationships in a learning community, and emotional ties between language and culture.

6. Language Ego

As humans learn a second language, they develop a new way of thinking, feeling, and acting—a second identity. This new language ego, intertwined with the second language, can create fragility, defensiveness, and inhibitions in the learner.

7. Self-Confidence

Learners’ belief in their ability

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Morphosyntax in English: Structures and Communicative Competence

Essential Morphosyntactic Elements in English: Elementary Communicative Structures

This essay aims to study the concept of morphosyntax. In order to do so, I will first develop the essential elements of morphosyntax. Second, I will focus on the elementary communicative structures. The third part of the essay will study the progressive use of grammar categories to improve oral and written communicative competence. In this way, I will emphasize how to teach grammar. In the last part, a section is dedicated

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