English Grammar: A Concise Summary

Unit 1: Grammar

Past Simple

  • Affirmative: Verb + -ed
  • Negative: didn’t + base form of the verb
  • Interrogative: Did + subject + base form of the verb

Used to

  • Affirmative: used to + base form of the verb
  • Negative: didn’t use to + base form of the verb
  • Interrogative: Did + subject + use to + base form of the verb

Past Continuous

  • Affirmative: was/were + verb + -ing
    • was (I, he, she, it)
    • were (you, they, we)
  • Negative: wasn’t/weren’t + verb + -ing
    • wasn’t (I, he, she, it)
    • weren’t (you, we, they)
  • Interrogative: Was/Were +
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Effective Performance Management: Concepts and Methods

What is Performance Management?

A continuous process of identifying, measuring, and developing individuals and teams, and aligning their performance with the strategic objectives of the organization. It’s not restricted to performance appraisal (PA).

Performance Management Activities

Performance management involves activities such as:

  • Definition of organizational, departmental, team, and individual goals.
  • Implementation of a performance appraisal system.
  • Design of compensation systems suitable to the
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Six Sigma and Benchmarking: Enhancing Process Performance

Six Sigma and Statistical Process Control

Six Sigma is a methodology used to understand, measure, analyze, and improve performance with the ultimate goal of virtually eliminating all defects, reducing variation (standard deviation), and paying attention to the mean. The objective is to make customers happy. The philosophy of Six Sigma emphasizes that managers need to understand processes to improve them, commit to their implementation, and participate actively in the process. One of its tools is

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Effective Problem-Solving: Strategies, Types, and Abilities

What is a Problem?

Problems can be defined broadly as situations in which we experience uncertainty or difficulty in achieving what we want to achieve, e.g.:

  • Stopping smoking is a problem when you decide you want to stop but cannot.
  • A computer malfunction is a problem if it prevents you from completing work on time.
  • An excessive workload is a problem when it interferes with your ability to work effectively.
  • Poor communication is a problem when it reduces the efficiency of an organization.

Why People Fail

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Andes Plane Crash Survival: Teamwork & Ethics

Final Reflection: Andes Plane Crash

1. Survival, Courage, and the Power of Teamwork

The survivors demonstrated incredible strength facing extreme conditions: freezing cold, extreme hunger, and severe injuries. Their ability to pull together and support each other was crucial.

  • Teamwork: Each person contributed their skills. Some cared for the wounded, others sought resources, and decisions were made collectively on many occasions.
  • Example of Resilience: Although some succumbed to exhaustion or injury,
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Effective School Planning: Requirements, Preconditions, and Principles

Requirements of Official Plans and Programs

School education is a right of all Brazilians as a condition of access to employment, citizenship, and culture.

It is the duty of governments to ensure basic education for all, draw up an educational policy, provide financial and material resources for the operation of the school system, administer and monitor school activities to ensure the right of all children and young people to receive a quality and socially relevant education.

One of the responsibilities

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