Business Systems: Classification, Analysis, and Structure
Classification of Business Systems
1. Production System: Manages and controls all transactions in the production or manufacturing process, including planning, scheduling, raw material control, and production costs.
2. Sales System: Based on business activity, including billing, collection, distribution channels, and marketing.
Billing and Collection
Billing
- Control of product prices
- Classification of goods
- Issuance of budgets
- Definition of payment terms
- Control of customer orders
- Issuance of invoices
Collection
- Registration
Understanding Software Development Life Cycles
What is Software Engineering?
Software engineering is the study and application of systematic, economical, and measurable approaches to the development, operation, and maintenance of high-quality software.
What is Software?
Software comprises computer programs and associated documentation.
Key Characteristics of Software Engineering
Software engineering focuses on software systems developed by teams, not individuals. These systems must meet user requirements, be maintainable, perform well, be reliable,
Read MoreInformation Systems & Organizational Change: A Deep Dive
1. Four Types of Organizational Change Supported by IT
Automation
Automation improves employee efficiency and effectiveness. Early examples include automated payroll, instant access to client files for bank tellers, and nationwide airline reservation networks.
Process Structuring
Structuring often reveals bottlenecks and cumbersome procedures, leading to streamlined standard operating procedures.
Business Process Reengineering (BPR)
BPR analyzes, simplifies, and redesigns business processes, reorganizing
Read MoreStrategic Management: A Framework for Organizational Success
What is Strategic Management?
A strategy is a pattern or plan that integrates an organization’s major goals and policies. It allocates resources, creates order, and anticipates unforeseen changes or competitor actions. A genuine strategy is crucial when an opponent’s actions can significantly impact desired outcomes. Strategic decisions establish a company’s general direction and viability, achieving strategic goals through planning.
Purpose of Strategic Management
Strategic management defines a future
Read MoreDecision-Making: A Comprehensive Overview
What is Decision-Making?
Decision-making is the process of choosing between two or more alternatives.
Ingredients of a Decision
- Information
- Knowledge
- Insight
- Analysis
- Opinion
Types of Decisions
- Individual
- General
- Scheduled
- Unscheduled
- Decisions in conditions of certainty
- Decisions in conditions of uncertainty
Elements of Decisions
- Decision-making agents
- Goals
- Preferences
- Strategies
- Progress
- Results
Qualities of a Decision
- Experience
- Sound Opinion
- Creativity
Benefits of Decision-Making
- Saves time, effort, and energy
- Maintains
Understanding Organizational Design and Structure
Organizational Design and Structure
Introduction
When an organization grows, dividing labor and assigning tasks becomes essential. This division creates distinct parts within the organization, necessitating formal coordination mechanisms for optimal effectiveness and efficiency.
Defining Organization and Design
Organization: Represents the division of functions, hierarchical levels of authority, and relationships within an organization. It establishes units responsible for specific tasks.
Organizational
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