Organizational Structures and Designs: Key Concepts
Chapter 10: Organizational Structure
Organizational Structure: Formal distribution of employees within an organization.
Organization: The process of creating the organizational structure.
Organizational Design: It is the process in which managers change or redesign the organizational structure, which consists of six steps:
- Work distribution
- Departmentalization
- Chain of command
- Amplitude control
- Centralization and Decentralization
- Formalization
- Specialization of labor (Adam Smith)
Used to describe the extent
Read MoreUnderstanding the Marketing Environment: Macro and Micro Factors
Marketing Environment
The marketing environment of an organization:
“The set of direct and indirect forces, both controllable and uncontrollable, that are susceptible to influence from a micro and macro level, in all its actions, decisions, and results.”
External Marketing Analysis
- Uncontrollable factors in the organization (macro environment).
- Factors with some possible control (micro environment).
- Identify opportunities and threats.
Internal Analysis
- Organizational factors (micro environment).
- Identifies
Design Methodologies: From Munari to Frascara
Bruno Munari
Bruno Munari defined projecting as a series of operations arranged in a logical order dictated by experience.
Objective of the Projecting Method
Achieving maximum results with minimum effort. The projecting method is not absolute or definitive. You can change the order of an operation if there are objective values that improve the process.
a. Problem Definition
In any problem, the first thing to do is define the problem as a whole. This serves to define the limits within which the designer
Read MoreRegulation of Explosives, Cartridges, and Pyrotechnics in Spain
Royal Decree 230/1998: Regulation of Explosives in Spain
Chapter II. Classification
Section 1. Explosives
Explosives, cartridges, and pyrotechnic devices are materials and articles covered by the following definitions:
- Explosive substances: Solid or liquid substances (or mixtures of substances) which can emit a gaseous chemical reaction at a temperature, pressure, and velocity such that they may cause physical effects that affect their environment.
- Pyrotechnic substances: Substances or mixtures of substances
Traits, Roles, and Impact of Entrepreneurs in Business
Characteristics of a Successful Entrepreneur
Introduction:
A successful entrepreneur is one who effectively transforms ideas into profitable ventures. Certain traits are essential to navigate challenges and seize opportunities.
Characteristics:
- Innovative Thinking: Entrepreneurs continuously develop new ideas, products, or services that offer value.
- Risk-Taking Ability: They take calculated risks, balancing potential rewards and losses.
- Vision and Goal Setting: A clear vision helps entrepreneurs set achievable
Workplace Safety: Theories, Policies, and Practices
Heinrich’s Domino Theory
Accidents are part of a chain reaction, similar to falling dominoes. One factor triggers the next, ultimately leading to injury.
Key Findings:
- Unsafe Acts: 88% of industrial accidents are caused by unsafe actions of workers.
- Unsafe Conditions: 10% of accidents result from unsafe workplace conditions.
- Unavoidable: 2% of accidents are deemed unavoidable.
Axioms of Industrial Safety:
- Injuries result from a series of interconnected factors.
- Accidents are caused by physical hazards or