Project Management: Key Concepts and Best Practices
Agents of Change in Projects
Key drivers of change: technology, market, customers, and society.
How to survive in an unstable environment? Companies seek competitive advantage through cost or differentiation. They aim for flexibility and agility to adapt to market changes, meet customer needs, and maintain attractive prices and margins. Strategic plans guide the company’s direction and performance. Projects are tools for implementing strategic actions. Project success depends on the success of the
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Research and Analysis Phase
- SWOT Analysis: Useful for projects aimed at improving something existing or for obtaining an overall view of the internal and external context. It is not ideal for startups unless the team alone is considered the internal factor.
- Stakeholder Map: Helps identify everyone involved in the project, their motivations, interests, and power. It is essential for projects involving different “players” and aiming to build a customized proposal.
- PESTEL Analysis: Analyzes macro-environmental
Expert Systems: Key Components and Applications
Expert Systems: These are systems that solve problems using a symbolic representation of human knowledge. They contain a logical unit with which conclusions are drawn from the knowledge base. The system decides which rules to apply, what should be done, resolves conflicts, and makes use of the knowledge base.
Inference Mechanism Functions
The inference mechanism determines the actions that take place, the order in which they will occur, and how they will affect the different parts of the Expert System.
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Item 1: Introduction to Development Applications
1. Computer Software
When we talk about computers, we must refer to both the computer hardware and computer software. The hardware is the set of physical elements that make up a computer. Software is defined as a computer software package that is able to interpret and execute properly. Depending on your role, you may develop programs that fall under software control, treatment, and diagnosis.
- Control software is a set of programs, usually managed by
Operations Management: Strategies, Processes, and Sustainability
Business Operations and Process Optimization Strategies
Chapter 4: Forecasting Accuracy
Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD)
Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) is a metric used to evaluate the accuracy of forecasting. It represents the average of the absolute differences between forecasted values and actual values, providing a measure of overall forecast error.
Calculating MAD
| Quarter | Actual Tonnage Unloaded | Forecast with a = 0.10 | Forecast with a = 0.50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 180 | 175 | |
| 2 | 168 | 175.50 = 175.00 + 0.10 (180 – 175) | |
| 3 | 159 | 174.75 = 175.50 + 0.10 (168 – 175.50) | |
| 4 | 175 | 173.18 = 174.75 + 0.10 (159 |