Understanding Interlanguage: Development and Error Analysis
- Interlanguage: A system with a structurally intermediate status between the native language (NL) and the target language (TL).
It falls between the TL and the NL and is based on the learner’s best attempt to provide order and structure to the linguistic stimuli surrounding them.
- Learners succeed in establishing closer approximations to the system used by native speakers through a process of trial and error.
Brown, Douglas B. 1994
Interlanguage Defined
Interlanguage: Systematic knowledge of an L2 which
Linguistic Levels, Language Functions, and Narrative Styles
Understanding Verbal Language
Verbal language is a cultural invention of humankind, essential for the development of human intelligence. When a comprehensive development of this capacity is not reached, its full realization cannot be achieved.
Linguistic Usage Levels
Cultivated Level
Characterized by the use of an elaborated and formal code associated with written language. Its main features include complete and correct syntactic structures, precise lexicon, etc.
Conversational Level
Characterized by
Key Public Speaking and Rhetoric Terms Defined
Key Public Speaking & Rhetoric Terms
- Ethos
- Ethical appeal; relates to the speaker’s credibility.
- Pathos
- Persuading through emotional appeal.
- Logos
- An appeal that is rational and reasonable, based on the evidence provided.
- Mythos
- Appealing to the audience’s cultural identity by showing how a claim aligns with shared values or stories.
- Oratory
- The art or practice of formal and eloquent public speaking.
- Delayed Feedback
- Audience response received after the speech is performed.
- Internal Previews
- Extended transitions
Essential Literary Devices and Poetic Terms
Sound Devices
Alliteration
Repeated consonant sounds at the beginning of words placed near each other, usually on the same or adjacent lines. A somewhat looser definition is the use of the same consonant in any part of adjacent words.
Assonance
Repeated vowel sounds in words placed near each other, usually on the same or adjacent lines. These should be in sounds that are accented or stressed, rather than in unaccented vowel sounds.
Consonance
Repeated consonant sounds at the ending of words placed near
Read MoreKey Concepts in Language Acquisition and Learning
1. When does language acquisition start?
Language acquisition starts before birth. Shortly after birth, children can distinguish their native language from other languages, provided the languages are sufficiently different.
2. Importance of Pointing in Communication
Learning how to point with a finger is very important for the development of communication. Why is this so? Children point to:
- Express themselves
- Express desires
- Share experiences with others
- Draw attention to someone or something
- Refer to things
Understanding Linguistic Meaning: Designation, Sense, and Structure
Understanding Linguistic Meaning
Linguistic content types are defined by three key concepts:
- Designation: The relationship between words and things, connecting the signifier and the reality it represents.
- Meaning: The concept of language, encompassing the significant features that identify a sign.
- Sense: Related to meaning but more concrete, influenced by all factors involved in communication. It’s the specific content of messages transmitted through speech or writing.
Types of Linguistic Meaning
There
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