Early Childhood Development: Perception, Language & Learning

Visual Perception: Colors and Shapes

Recognize colors and shapes.

Auditory Perception: Sounds and Rhythms

Improve listening and recognize sounds and rhythms.

Tactile Perception: Exploring Textures

Explore textures and tactile sensations.

Olfactory Perception: Recognizing Smells

Recognize and differentiate smells.

Gustatory Perception: Distinguishing Flavors

Recognize and distinguish flavors.

Proprioceptive Perception: Body Awareness

Improve coordination and body awareness.

Vestibular Perception: Balance and

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Understanding Motherese: Characteristics and Purpose

What is Motherese?

Motherese, also known as baby talk or child-directed speech (CDS), is a specific way of speaking that is phonetically well-articulated, clear, smooth, intelligible, and well-adapted to a child’s capacity.

Key Features of Motherese

  • Higher pitch
  • Longer pronunciation of words with semantic content (nouns, verbs)
  • Slower utterance rate
  • Excellent intelligibility

Purpose of Motherese

  • Adults recognize that babies, even a few months old, have a special sensitivity to marked stress patterns. Motherese
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Intercultural Competence and Communication Skills

What is Intercultural Competence?


Intercultural competence is the ability to communicate effectively and appropriately with people of other cultures. Intercultural competence is also called “cross-cultural competence” In conclusion it is a balance, intuitively adapted, among four parts: -Knowledge (about other cultures and other people’s behaviors).-Empathy (understanding the feelings and needs of other people).-Self-confidence (knowledge of one’s own desires, strengths, weaknesses, and emotional

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Effective Communication: Process, Elements, and Barriers

The Communication Process

The communication process involves several key stages:

  1. Development of Leadership: Thinking about the intended message.
  2. Encoding: Choosing the appropriate code (e.g., language, symbols).
  3. Transmission: Selecting a channel for communication (how to send the message).
  4. Reception: The message is received. Successful reception and understanding are crucial.
  5. Decoding: Interpreting the message. The closer the receiver’s interpretation is to the sender’s intention, the more successful
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Audio-Lingual Method: Teaching Foreign Languages

Audio-Lingual Method (ALM)

The Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) is a method for teaching foreign languages that emphasizes listening and speaking before reading and writing. Students listen and repeat what the teacher says. The general goal of the ALM is to enable communication in the target language. Short-range objectives include training in listening comprehension and accurate pronunciation. Long-range objectives, or the ultimate goal, is to develop the student’s abilities to be the same as native speakers,

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Key Concepts in Child Development

  1. Channelized Development: Development is guaranteed in the early stages of life.
  2. Symbol: A graphic representation of meaning by a signifier.
  3. Intellectual Activity: Intelligent conductualization.
  4. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt Crisis: Corresponds to the anal phase.
  5. Mindset: The basic cognitive unit.
  6. Accommodation: Modifying actions to adapt to new situations.
  7. Assimilation: Incorporating new information to understand the world.
  8. Birth Trauma Causes: Delay in reading acquisition, difficulty with perceptual skills,
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